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? 2002 microchip technology inc. ds21453b-page 1 tc652/tc653 features ? integrated temperature sensing and multi-speed fan control fansense? fan fault detect circuitry built-in over-temperature alert (t over ) temperature proportional fan speed control for acoustic noise reduction and longer fan life pulse width modulation output drive for cost and power savings solid-state temperature sensing 1c (typical) accuracy from 25c to +70c 2.8v ? 5.5v operating range tc653 includes auto fan shutdown low operating current: 50 a(typical) applications thermal protection for personal computers digital set-top boxes notebook computers data communications power supplies projectors related literature application note: an771 device selection table the "x" denotes a suffix for temperature threshold settings. contact factory for other temperature ranges. package type general description the tc652/tc653 are integrated temperature sensors and brushless dc fan speed controllers with fansense ? technology. the tc652/tc653 measure their junction temperature and control the speed of the fan based on that temperature, making them especially suited for applications in modern electronic equipment. the fansense ? fan fault detect circuitry eliminates the need for a more expensive 3-wire fan. temperature data is converted from the on-chip thermal sensing element and translated into a fractional fan speed from 40% to 100%. a temperature selection guide in the data sheet is used to choose the low and high temperature limits to control the fan. the tc652/tc653 also include a single trip point over temperature alert (t over ) that eliminates the need for additional temperature sensors. in addition, the tc653 includes an auto fan shutdown function for additional power savings. the tc652/tc653 are easy to use, require no software overhead and are therefore the ideal choice for implementing thermal management in a variety of systems. part number package temperature range tc652xxvua 8-pin msop -40 cto+125 c tc653xxvua 8-pin msop -40 cto+125 c xtemperature a25 b30 c35 d40 e45 f50 g55 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 fault v dd msop gnd pwm t over sense gnd tc652 tc653 shdn integrated temperature sensor & brushless dc fan controller with fansense? detect & over-temperature
tc652/tc653 ds21453b-page 2 ? 2002 microchip technology inc. typical application diagram 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 fault v dd pwm gnd t over sense r sense fansense? gnd gnd +5v v dd +12v tc652 tc653 shdn 2 ? 1k 0.01f c sense controller dc fan 300ma max. shdn control over-temp alert fan fault alert
? 2002 microchip technology inc. ds21453b-page 3 tc652/tc653 1.0 electrical characteristics absolute maximum ratings* input voltage (v dd to gnd) ................................... +6v output voltage (out to gnd) ................................. 6v voltage on any pin ....... (gnd ? 0.3v) to (v dd +0.3v) package thermal resistance ( ja ) ........... 250c/w operating temperature range ......... -40c to +125c storage temperature ......................... -65c to +150c *stresses above those listed under "absolute maximum rat- ings" may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operation sections of the specifications is not implied. expo- sure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. tc652/tc653 electrical specifications electrical characteristics: v dd = 2.8v to 5.5v, shdn =v dd ,t a =-40 cto125 c unless otherwise specified. symbol parameter min typ. max units test conditions v dd supply voltage 2.8 ? 5.5 v i dd supply current ? 50 90 apwm,fault ,t over are open shdn input v ih shdn input high threshold 65 ? ? %v dd v il shdn input low threshold ? ? 15 %v dd pwm output v ol pwm output low voltage ? ? 0.3 v i sink =1ma v oh pwm output high voltage v dd ?0.5 ? ? v i source =5ma t r pwm rise time ? 10 ? sec i oh =5ma,1nffrom pwm to gnd t f pwm fall time ? 10 ? sec i ol =1ma,1nffrom pwm to gnd f out pwm frequency 10 15 ? hz t startup start-up time ? 32/f out ?secv dd rises from gnd, or shdn released v th (sense) sense input ? 70 ? mv sense input threshold voltage with repect to ground temperature accuracy t h acc high temperature accuracy t h -3 t h t h +3 c note 1 (t h ? t l ) acc temp. range accuracy -1.0 ? +1.0 c(t h ?t l ) 20 c -2.5 ? +2.5 c(t h ?t l ) 20 c t hyst auto-shutdown hysteresis ? (t h ?t l )/5 ? ctc653only fault output v high fault output high voltage v dd ?0.5 ? ? v i source =1.2ma v low fault output low voltage ? ? 0.4 v i sink =2.5ma tmp missing pulse detector time-out ??32/f out sec t over output v high t over output high voltage v dd ?0.5 ? ? v i source =1.2ma v low t over output low voltage ? ? 0.4 v i sink =2.5ma t over acc absolute accuracy ? t h + 10 ? c at trip point t over hyst trip point hysteresis ? 5 ? c note 1: transition from 90% to 100% duty cycle.
tc652/tc653 ds21453b-page 4 ? 2002 microchip technology inc. 2.0 pin descriptions thedescriptionsofthepinsarelistedintable2-1. table 2-1: pin function table pin no. (8-pin msop) symbol description 1v dd power supply input. may be independent of fan power supply. 2fault fan fault alert, active-low output. fault goes low to indicate a fan fault condition. when fault occurs, the device is latched in shutdown mode with pwm low. toggling the shdn pinorcyclingthev dd will release the part and fan from shutdown. fault will unconditionally remain high during shutdown. 3 shdn fan shutdown, active-low input. during shutdown mode the chip still monitors temperature and t over is low if temperature rises above factory set point. 4 gnd ground return for all tc652/tc653 functions. 5 sense detect fan pulses input. pulses are detected at this pin as fan rotation chops the current through the sense resistor, r sense . the absence of pulses indicates a fan fault. 6t over over-temperature alert, active-low output. 7 gnd ground. 8 pwm pwm fan drive output. pulse width modulated rail-to-rail logic output. nominal frequency is 15hz.
? 2002 microchip technology inc. ds21453b-page 5 tc652/tc653 3.0 detailed description the tc652/tc653 acquire and convert their junction temperature (t j ) information from an on-chip solid state sensor with a typical accuracy of 1c. the temperature data is digitally stored in an internal register. the register is compared with pre-defined threshold values. the six threshold values are equally distributed over a pre-defined range of temperatures (see table 3-1 and table 3-2). the tc652/tc653 control the speed of a dc brushless fan using a fractional speed control scheme. the output stage requires only a 2n2222-type small-signal bjt for fans up to 300ma. for larger current fans (up to 1 amp) a logic-level n-channel mosfet may be used. in addition to controlling the speed of the fan, the tc652/ tc653 include an on-chip over-temperature alarm (t over ) that gives a low-true signal when the temperature of the chip exceeds t h by 10c. this feature eliminates the need for a separate temperature sensor for over-temperature monitoring. in normal fan operation, a pulse-train is present at sense, pin 5. a missing pulse detector monitors this pin during fan operation (fansense ? technology). a stalled, open, or unconnected fan causes the tc652/ tc653 to trigger its start-up timer once. if the fault persists, the fault output goes low, and the device is latched in its shutdown mode. to release the fan from shutdown, toggle the shdn or v dd pin. table 3-1: temperature range definition for tc652 (minimum-speed mode) table 3-2: temperature range definition for tc653 (auto-shutdown mode) figure 3-1: functional block diagram 3.1 pwm output the pwm pin is designed to drive a low cost transistor or mosfet as the low side power switching element in the system. this output has an asymmetric complementary drive and is optimized for driving npn transistors or n-channel mosfets. since the system relies on pwm rather than linear power control, the dissipation in the power switch is kept to a minimum. generally, very small devices (to-92 or sot packages) will suffice. the frequency of the pwm is about 15hz. the pwm is also the time base for the start-up timer (see paragraphs below). the pwm duty cycle has a range of 40% to 100% for the tc652 and 50% to 100% for the tc653. tem perature (t = t j ) pwm duty cycle t tc652/tc653 ds21453b-page 6 ? 2002 microchip technology inc. 3.2 start-up timer to ensure reliable fan start-up, the start-up timer turns pwm high for about 2 seconds whenever the fan is started from the off state. this occurs at power-up and when coming out of shutdown mode. 3.3 sense input (fansense? technology) the sense input, pin 5, is connected to a low value current sensing resistor in the ground return leg of the fan circuit through the capacitor. during normal fan operation, commutation occurs as each pole of the fan is energized. this causes brief interruptions in the fan current, seen as pulses across the sense resistor. if the device is not in shutdown mode, and pulses are not appearing at the sense input, a fault exists. the short, rapid change in fan current (high di/dt) causes a corresponding dv/dt across the sense resistor, r sense . the waveform on r sense is differentiated and con- verted to a logic-level pulse-train by c sense and the internal signal processing circuitry. the presence and frequency of this pulse-train is a direct indication of fan operation. 3.4 fault this pin goes low to indicate a fan fault condition. pulses appearing at sense pin due to the pwm turn- ing on are blanked and the remaining pulses are filtered by a missing pulse detector. if consecutive pulses are not detected for 32 pwm cycles (about 2 sec), the pwm is low and fault goes low. fault can be disabled by momentarily toggling shdn or v dd pin, or cycling system power. fault remains high during shutdown mode. 3.5 over-temperature alert (t over ) this pin goes low when the t h set point is exceeded by 10c (typical). this indicates that the fan is at maximum drive, and the potential exists for system overheating: either heat dissipation in the system has gone beyond the cooling system's design limits, or some fault exists such as fan bearing failure or an airflow obstruction. this output may be treated as a ?system overheat? warning and used to trigger system shutdown, or bring other fans to full speed in the system. the fan will continue to run at 100% speed while t over is asserted. built-in hysteresis prevents t over from ?chattering? when measured temperature is at or near the t h + 10c trip point. as temperature falls through the t h + 10c trip point, hysteresis maintains the t over output low until measured temperature is 5c above the trip point setting. 3.6 shutdown (shdn ) the fan can be unconditionally shutdown by pulling low the shdn pin. during shutdown, fault output is high and pwm output is low. this is ideal for notebook computers and other portable applications when you need to change batteries and must not have the fan running at that time. thermal monitoring and t over are still in operation during shutdown. i dd shutdown current is around 50 a. 3.7 auto-shutdown mode the tc653 has auto-shutdown. if the temperature is below the factory set point at minimum speed (t l ), pwm is low and the fan is automatically shut off (auto- shutdown mode). this feature is ideal for notebook computers and other portable applications that need to conserve as much battery power as possible and thus run a fan when it is only absolutely needed. the tc653 will continue to be active so as to monitor temperature for t over . the tc653 exits auto-shutdown mode when the temperature rises above the factory set point (t 1 ). 3.8 temperature selection guide (minimum fan speed/full speed) the five temperature regions defined by the six thresholds are defined in the tc652/tc653 by means of factory trimming. once a t l and t h are set, the t 1 ? t 4 thresholds are automatically equally spaced between t l and t h .
? 2002 microchip technology inc. ds21453b-page 7 tc652/tc653 table 3-3: temperature selection guide note: the bold type temperature settings are available for ordering. contact factory for other temperature selections. t l and t h canbeselectedin5cincrements.t h must be chosen at least 10c higher than t l .t l can range anywhere from 25c to 35c. as an example, suppose you wanted the fan to run at 40% speed at 25c or less and go to full speed at 45c. you would order the part number tc652aevua. as another example, suppose you wanted the fan to turn on at 30c and go to full speed at 45c. you would order the part number tc653bevua. 4.0 typical applications 4.1 reducing switching noise for fans consuming more than 300ma, a slowdown capacitor (c slow ) is recommended for reducing switching pwm induced noise (see figure 4-1). the value of this capacitor should be 4.7 fto47 f, depending on the fan current consumption. see application note an771 ?suppressing acoustic noise in pwm fan speed control systems? for more information. figure 4-1: reducing switching noise te m p. range c t l t h part # 10c 25 35 ac 30 40 bd 35 45 ce 15c 25 40 ad 30 45 be 20c 25 45 ae 30 50 bf 35 55 cg 30c 25 55 ag 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 v dd pwm gnd t over nc gnd gnd +5v v dd c sense c slow 0.01f 10f r sense 2 ? 1k ? +12v tc652 tc653 shdn fault gnd controller dc fan 400ma max. shdn control fan fault alert over-temp alert -
tc652/tc653 ds21453b-page 8 ? 2002 microchip technology inc. 5.0 typical characteristics the graphs and tables provided following this note are a statistical summary based on a limited number of samples and are provided for informational purposes only. the performance characteristics listed herein are not tested or guaranteed. in some graphs or tables, the data presented may be outside the specified operating range (e.g., outside specified power supply range) and therefore outside the warranted range. 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -50 0 0 24 6 810 12 14 16 18 20 25 -25 50 75 100 125 150 temperature (?c) i dd vs. temperature i dd (?) 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 t l t 1 t 2 t 3 t 4 t h t threshold temp accuracy vs. v th temp accuracy (?c) v dd ?v oh (v) i source (ma) pwm, i source vs. (v dd - v oh ), t a = 25? c v dd = 2.8v v dd = 5.5v v dd = 2.7v v dd = 5.6v v dd = 5.6v v dd = 2.7v 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 0 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 v ol (mv) i sink (ma) pwm, i sink vs. v ol , t a = 25 ? c v dd = 2.8v v dd = 5.5v 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 v dd v oh (v) i source (ma) t over , i source vs. (v dd - v oh ), t a = 25 ? c v dd = 2.8v v dd = 5.5v 0 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 v dd v oh (v) i source (ma) fault, i source vs. (v dd - v oh ), t a = 25 ? c v dd = 2.8v v dd = 5.5v 0 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 0 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 5.0 4.5 0.5 5.0 5.0 5.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 v ol (mv) i sink (ma) 500msec/div fault, i sink vs. v ol , t a = 25 ? c v dd = 2.8v v dd = 5.5v 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 tc652/3, fan is running shdn is connected to v dd , t a = 25 ? c start-up time 0 v dd pwm fault 23 4 5 6 78 10 9 1 5.0 5.0 5.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1sec/div tc653, fan is not running shdn is connected to v dd , t a = 25 ? c 0 v dd pwm fault
? 2002 microchip technology inc. ds21453b-page 9 tc652/tc653 6.0 packaging information 6.1 package marking information package marking data not available at this time. 6.2 taping form 6.3 package dimensions component taping orientation for 8-pin msop devices package carrier width (w) pitch (p) part per full reel reel size 8-pin msop 12 mm 8 mm 2500 13 in carrier tape, number of components per reel and reel size pin 1 user direction of feed standard reel component orientation for tr suffix device w p 8-pin msop .122 (3.10) .114 (2.90) .122 (3.10) .114 (2.90) .043 (1.10) max. .006 (0.15) .002 (0.05) .016 (0.40) .010 (0.25) .197 (5.00) .189 (4.80) .008 (0.20) .005 (0.13) .028 (0.70) .016 (0.40) 6 max. .026 (0.65) typ. pin 1 dimensions: inches (mm)
tc652/tc653 ds21453b-page 10 ? 2002 microchip technology inc. notes:
? 2002 microchip technology inc. ds21453b-page 11 tc652/tc653 sales and support data sheets products supported by a preliminary data sheet may have an errata sheet describing minor operational differences and recom- mended workarounds. to determine if an errata sheet exists for a particular device, please contact one of the following: 1. your local microchip sales office 2. the microchip corporate literature center u.s. fax: (480) 792-7277 3. the microchip worldwide site (www.microchip.com) please specify which device, revision of silicon and data sheet (include literature #) you are using. new customer notification system register on our web site (www.microchip.com/cn) to receive the most current information on our products.
tc652/tc653 ds21453b-page 12 ? 2002 microchip technology inc. notes:
? 2002 microchip technology inc. ds21453b-page 13 tc652/tc653 information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is intended through suggestion only and may be superseded by updates. it is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. no representation or warranty is given and no liability is assumed by microchip technology incorporated with respect to the accuracy or use of such information, or infringement of patents or other intellectual property rights arising from such use or otherwise. use of microchip?s products as critical com- ponents in life support systems is not authorized except with express written approval by microchip. no licenses are con- veyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any intellectual property rights. trademarks the microchip name and logo, the microchip logo, filterlab, k ee l oq ,microid, mplab,pic,picmicro,picmaster, picstart, pro mate, seeval and the embedded control solutions company are registered trademarks of microchip tech- nology incorporated in the u.s.a. and other countries. dspic, economonitor, fansense, flexrom, fuzzylab, in-circuit serial programming, icsp, icepic, microport, migratable memory, mpasm, mplib, mplink, mpsim, mxdev, picc, picdem, picdem.net, rfpic, select mode and total endurance are trademarks of microchip technology incorporated in the u.s.a. serialized quick turn programming (sqtp) is a service mark of microchip technology incorporated in the u.s.a. all other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. ? 2002, microchip technology incorporated, printed in the u.s.a., all rights reserved. printed on recycled paper. microchip received qs-9000 quality system certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in chandler and tempe, arizona in july 1999 and mountain view, california in march 2002. the company?s quality system processes and procedures are qs-9000 compliant for its picmicro ? 8-bit mcus, k ee l oq ? code hopping devices, serial eeproms, microperipherals, non-volatile memory and analog products. in addition, microchip?s quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is iso 9001 certified.
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