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april 2010 doc id 17360 rev 1 1/37 1 VNQ5E250AJ-E quad channel high-side driver with analog current sense for automotive applications features general ? inrush current active management by power limitation ? very low standby current ? 3.0v cmos compatible inputs ? optimized electromagnetic emissions ? very low electromag netic susceptibility ? in compliance with the 2002/95/ec european directive ? very low current sense leakage diagnostic functions ? proportional load current sense ? high current sense precision for wide currents range ? current sense disable ? off-state open-load detection ? output short to v cc detection ? overload and short to ground (power limitation) indication ? thermal shutdown indication protections ? undervoltage shutdown ? overvoltage clamp ? load current limitation ? self limiting of fast thermal transients ? protection against loss of ground and loss of v cc ? overtemperature shutdown with auto restart (thermal shutdown) ? reverse battery protected (see figure 32 ) ? electrostatic discharge protection applications all types of resistive, inductive and capacitive loads suitable as led driver suitable as relays driver description the VNQ5E250AJ-E is a quad channel high-side driver manufactured in the st proprietary vipower? m0-5 technology and housed in the tiny powersso-16 package. the VNQ5E250AJ-E is designed to drive 12 v automotive grounded loads delivering protection, diagnostics and easy 3 v and 5 v cmos compatible interface with any microcontroller. the device integrates advanced protective functions such as load current limitation, inrush and overload active management by power limitation, overtemperature shut-off with auto-restart and over-voltage active clamp. a dedicated analog current sense pin is associated with every output channel in order to provide enhanced diagnostic functions including fast detection of overload and short-circuit to ground through power limitation indication, overtemperature indication, short- circuit to v cc diagnosis and on and off-state open-load detection. the current sensing and diagnostic feedback of the whole device can be disabled by pulling the cs_dis pin high to allow sharing of the external sense resistor with other similar devices. max supply voltage v cc 41 v operating voltage range v cc 4 to 28 v max on-state resist ance (per ch.) r on 250 m current limitation (typ) i limh 5a off-state supply current i s 2a (1) 1. typical value with all loads connected. powersso-16 www.st.com
contents VNQ5E250AJ-E 2/37 doc id 17360 rev 1 contents 1 block diagram and pin co nfiguration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2 electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.1 absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.2 thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.3 electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.4 waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 2.5 electrical characteristics curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 3 application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 3.1 gnd protection network against reverse battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 3.1.1 solution 1: resistor in the ground line (rgnd only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 3.1.2 solution 2: diode (dgnd) in the ground line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 3.2 load dump protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 3.3 mcu i/os protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 3.4 current sense and diagnostic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 3.4.1 short to v cc and off-state open load detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 3.5 maximum demagnetization energy (v cc =13.5v) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 4 package and pcb thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 4.1 powersso-16 thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 5 package and packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 5.1 ecopack ? packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 5.2 powersso-16 package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 5.3 packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 6 order codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 7 revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
VNQ5E250AJ-E list of tables doc id 17360 rev 1 3/37 list of tables table 1. pin functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 table 2. suggested connections for unused and not connected pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 table 3. absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 table 4. thermal data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 table 5. power section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 table 6. switching (v cc = 13v; tj = 25c) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 table 7. logic inputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 table 8. protections and diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 table 9. current sense (8 v < v cc < 18 v) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 table 10. open-load detection (8 v < v cc < 18 v). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 table 11. truth table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 table 12. electrical transient requirements (part 1/3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 table 13. electrical transient requirements (part 2/3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 table 14. electrical transient requirements (part 3/3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 table 15. thermal parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 table 16. powersso-16 mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 table 17. device summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 table 18. document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
list of figures VNQ5E250AJ-E 4/37 doc id 17360 rev 1 list of figures figure 1. block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 figure 2. configuration diagram (top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 figure 3. current and voltage conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 figure 4. current sense delay characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 figure 5. open-load off-state delay timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 figure 6. switching characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 figure 7. delay response time between rising edge of output current and rising edge of current sense (cs enabled). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 figure 8. output voltage drop limitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 figure 9. i out /i sense vs i out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 figure 10. maximum current sense ratio drift vs load current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 figure 11. normal operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 figure 12. overload or short to gnd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 figure 13. intermittent overload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 figure 14. off-state open-load with external circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 figure 15. short to v cc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 figure 16. t j evolution in overload or short to gnd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 figure 17. off-state output current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 figure 18. high-level input current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 figure 19. input clamp voltage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 figure 20. input low-level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 figure 21. input high-level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 figure 22. input hysteresis voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 figure 23. on-state resistance vs t case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 figure 24. on-state resistance vs v cc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 figure 25. undervoltage shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 figure 26. turn-on voltage slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 figure 27. i limh vs t case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 figure 28. turn-off voltage slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 figure 29. cs_dis high-level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 figure 30. cs_dis clamp voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 figure 31. cs_dis low-level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 figure 32. application schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 figure 33. current sense and diagnostic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 figure 34. maximum turn-off current versus inductance (for each channel) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 figure 35. powersso-16 pc board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 figure 36. rthj-amb vs pcb copper area in open box free air condition (one channel on) . . . . . . . . 29 figure 37. powersso-16 thermal impedance junction ambient single pulse (one channel on) . . . . . 30 figure 38. thermal fitting model of a double channel hsd in powersso-16 (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 figure 39. powersso-16 package dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 figure 40. powersso-16 tube shipment (no suffix) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 figure 41. powersso-16 tape and reel shipment (suffix ?tr?) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
VNQ5E250AJ-E block diagram and pin configuration doc id 17360 rev 1 5/37 1 block diagram and pin configuration figure 1. block diagram table 1. pin functions name function v cc battery connection. output n power output. gnd ground connection. must be reverse battery protected by an external diode/resistor network. input n voltage controlled input pin with hyster esis, cmos compatible. controls output switch state. current sense n analog current sense pin, delivers a current proportional to the load current. cs_dis active high cmos compatible pi n, to disable the current sense pin. v cc ch 1 control & diagnostic 1 logic driver v on limitation current limitation power clamp off state open load over temp. undervoltage v senseh current sense ch 3 ch 4 ch 2 overload protection (active power limitation) in1 in2 in3 in4 cs1 cs2 cs3 cs4 cs_ dis gnd out4 out3 out2 out1 signal clamp control & diagnostic channels 2, 3 & 4
block diagram and pin configuration VNQ5E250AJ-E 6/37 doc id 17360 rev 1 figure 2. configurati on diagram (top view) table 2. suggested connections for unused and not connected pins connection / pin current sense n.c. output input cs_dis floating not allowed x x x x to ground through 1 k resistor x not allowed through 10 k resistor through 10 k resistor current sense4 current sense3 current sense2 current sense1 input2 input4 input1 input3 gnd n.c. output3 output1 output2 cs_dis n.c. output4 tab=vcc 1 3 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 15 14 16
VNQ5E250AJ-E electrical specifications doc id 17360 rev 1 7/37 2 electrical specifications figure 3. current and voltage conventions note: v fn = v outn - v cc during reverse battery condition. 2.1 absolute maximum ratings stressing the device above the rating listed in the ?absolute maximum ratings? table may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operating sections of this specification is not implie d. exposure to the conditions in table below for extended periods may affect device reliability. refer al so to the stmicroelectronics sure program and other relevant quality document. v fn i s i gnd v cc v cc outputn inputn v inn v sensen gnd cs_dis i csd v csd i inn current s ensen v outn i outn i sensen table 3. absolute maximum ratings symbol parameter value unit v cc dc supply voltage 41 v v cc reverse dc supply voltage 0.3 v i gnd dc reverse ground pin current 200 ma i out dc output current internally limited a -i out reverse dc output current 5 a i in dc input current -1 to 10 ma i csd dc current sense disable input current -1 to 10 ma i csense dc reverse cs pin current 200 ma v csense current sense maximum voltage v cc -41 +v cc v v e max maximum switching energy (single pulse) (l = 36 mh; r l =0 ; v bat =13.5v; t jstart =150c; i out = i liml (typ.)) 39 mj
electrical specifications VNQ5E250AJ-E 8/37 doc id 17360 rev 1 2.2 thermal data v esd electrostatic discharge (h uman body model: r=1.5k ; c=100pf) - input - current sense - cs_dis - output - v cc 4000 2000 4000 5000 5000 v v v v v v esd charge device model (cdm-aec-q100-011) 750 v t j junction operating temperature -40 to 150 c t stg storage temperature -55 to 150 c table 3. absolute maximum ratings (continued) symbol parameter value unit table 4. thermal data symbol parameter m ax. value unit r thj-amb thermal resistance junc tion-ambient (max) see figure 36 c/w
VNQ5E250AJ-E electrical specifications doc id 17360 rev 1 9/37 2.3 electrical characteristics values specified in th is section are for 8 v < v cc <28v, -40c electrical specifications VNQ5E250AJ-E 10/37 doc id 17360 rev 1 table 7. logic inputs symbol parameter test cond itions min. typ. max. unit v il input low level voltage 0.9 v i il low level input current v in =0.9v 1 a v ih input high level voltage 2.1 v i ih high level input current v in =2.1v 10 a v i(hyst) input hysteresis voltage 0.25 v v icl input clamp voltage i in =1ma i in =-1ma 5.5 -0.7 7v v v csdl cs_dis low level voltage 0.9 v i csdl low level cs_dis current v csd =0.9v 1 a v csdh cs_dis high level voltage 2.1 v i csdh high level cs_dis current v csd =2.1v 10 a v csd(hyst) cs_dis hysteresis voltage 0.25 v v cscl cs_dis clamp voltage i csd =1ma i csd =-1ma 5.5 -0.7 7v v table 8. protections and diagnostics (1) 1. to ensure long term reliability under heavy overload or s hort circuit conditions, protection and related diagnostic signals must be used together with a proper software strategy. if the device is subjected to abnormal conditions, this software must limit the duration and number of activation cycles. symbol parameter test conditions min. typ. max. unit i limh dc short circuit current v cc =13v 4.5 v < v cc <28v 3.5 5 7 7 a a i liml short circuit current during thermal cycling v cc =13v; t r VNQ5E250AJ-E electrical specifications doc id 17360 rev 1 11/37 table 9. current sense (8 v < v cc <18v) symbol parameter test conditions min. typ. max. unit k 0 i out /i sense i out = 0.025 a;v sense =0.5v t j = -40 c...150 c 295 500 705 k 1 i out /i sense i out = 0.25 a;v sense =0.5v t j = -40 c...150 c t j =25c...150c 360 395 470 470 595 568 dk 1 /k 1 (1) current sense ratio drift i out = 0.25 a;v sense =4v t j = -40 c...150 c -9 +9 % k 2 i out /i sense i out =0.5a;v sense =4v t j = -40 c...150 c t j =25c...150c 425 445 485 485 555 540 dk 2 /k 2 (1) current sense ratio drift i out = 0.5 a; v sense =4v t j = -40 c...150 c -6 +6 % k 3 i out /i sense i out =1a; v sense =4v t j = -40 c...150 c t j =25c...150c 465 475 500 500 535 525 dk 3 /k 3 (1) current sense ratio drift i out =1a; v sense =4v t j = -40 c...150 c -4 +4 % i sense0 analog sense leakage current i out =0a; v sense =0v; v csd =5v; v in =0v; t j = -40 c...150 c v csd =0v; v in =5v; t j = -40 c...150 c i out = 0.5 a; v sense =0v; v csd =5v; v in =5v; t j = -40 c...150 c 0 0 0 1 2 1 a a a i ol openload on-state current detection threshold v in = 5v, 8v electrical specifications VNQ5E250AJ-E 12/37 doc id 17360 rev 1 t dsense1h delay response time from falling edge of cs_dis pin v sense <4v, 0.025 a VNQ5E250AJ-E electrical specifications doc id 17360 rev 1 13/37 figure 4. current sense delay characteristics figure 5. open-load off-state delay timing figure 6. switching characteristics sense current input load current cs_dis t dsense2h t dsense2l t dsense1l t dsense1h v in v cs t dstkon output stuck to v cc v out > v ol v senseh v out dv out /dt (on) t r 80% 10% t f dv out /dt (off) t d(off) t d(on) input t t 90% t won t woff
electrical specifications VNQ5E250AJ-E 14/37 doc id 17360 rev 1 figure 7. delay response time between rising edge of output current and rising edge of current sense (cs enabled) figure 8. output voltage drop limitation v in i out i sense i outmax i sensemax 90% i sensemax 90% i outmax t dsense2h t t t von iout vcc-vout tj=150 o c tj=25 o c tj=-40 o c von/ron(t)
VNQ5E250AJ-E electrical specifications doc id 17360 rev 1 15/37 figure 9. i out /i sense vs i out figure 10. maximum current sense ratio drift vs load current note: parameter guaranteed by design; it is not tested. 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 00.20.40.60.811.2 iout(a) iout/isense a b c d e a : max, t j = -40 c to 150 c b : max, t j = 25 c to 150 c c : typical, t j = -40 c to 150 c d : min, t j = 25 c to 150 c e : min, t j = -40 c to 150 c -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 iout(a) dk/k(%) b a a max, t j = -40 c...150 c b min, t j = -40 c...150 c
electrical specifications VNQ5E250AJ-E 16/37 doc id 17360 rev 1 table 11. truth table conditions input output sense (v csd =0v) (1) 1. if the v csd is high, the sense output is at a high impedance, its potential depends on leakage currents and external circuit. normal operation l h l h 0 nominal overtemperature l h l l 0 v senseh undervoltage l h l l 0 0 overload h h x (no power limitation) cycling (power limitation) nominal v senseh short circuit to gnd (power limitation) l h l l 0 v senseh open load off-state (with external pull-up) lhv senseh short circuit to v cc (external pull-up disconnected) l h h h v senseh < nominal negative output voltage clamp ll0
VNQ5E250AJ-E electrical specifications doc id 17360 rev 1 17/37 table 12. electrical transient requirements (part 1/3) iso 7637-2: 2004(e) test pulse test levels (1) 1. the above test levels must be considered referred to v cc = 13.5v except for pulse 5b. number of pulses or test times burst cycle/pulse repetition time delays and impedance iii iv min. max. 1 -75v -100v 5000 pulses 0.5s 5s 2 ms, 10 2a +37v +50v 5000 pulses 0.2s 5s 50s, 2 3a -100v -150v 1h 90ms 100ms 0.1s, 50 3b +75v +100v 1h 90ms 100ms 0.1s, 50 4 -6v -7v 1 pulse 100ms, 0.01 5b (2) 2. valid in case of external load dump clamp: 40v maximum referred to ground. +65v +87v 1 pulse 400ms, 2 table 13. electrical transient requirements (part 2/3) iso 7637-2: 2004e test pulse test level results iii vi 1c c 2a c c 3a c c 3b c c 4c c 5b (2) cc table 14. electrical transient requirements (part 3/3) class contents c all functions of the device performed as designed after exposure to disturbance. e one or more functions of the device did not perform as designed after exposure to disturbance and cannot be returned to proper operation without replacing the device.
electrical specifications VNQ5E250AJ-E 18/37 doc id 17360 rev 1 2.4 waveforms figure 11. normal operation figure 12. overload or short to gnd i out v sense v cs_dis input nominal load nominal load normal operation power limitation i limh > i liml > i out v sense v cs_dis input thermal cycling overload or short to gnd
VNQ5E250AJ-E electrical specifications doc id 17360 rev 1 19/37 figure 13. intermittent overload figure 14. off-state open-load with external circuitry i out v sense v cs_dis input i limh > nominal load intermittent overload i liml > overload v senseh > input off-state open load with external circutry v ol i out v sense v cs_dis v out v out > v ol t dstk(on) v senseh >
electrical specifications VNQ5E250AJ-E 20/37 doc id 17360 rev 1 figure 15. short to v cc figure 16. t j evolution in overload or short to gnd t dstk(on) v out > v ol resistive short to v cc hard short to v cc short to v cc i out v cs_dis v out v ol t dstk(on) t tsd t r t j evolution in overload or short to gnd i limh > < i liml t j_start t hyst power limitation self-limitation of fast thermal transients input i out t j
VNQ5E250AJ-E electrical specifications doc id 17360 rev 1 21/37 2.5 electrical char acteristics curves figure 17. off-state output current figure 18. high-level input current figure 19. input clamp voltage figure 20. input low-level voltage figure 21. input high-level voltage figure 22. input hysteresis voltage iloff [na] 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc [c] off state vcc= 13v v in=vout= 0 iih [ua] 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc [c] vin= 2.1v vicl [v] 5 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.8 6 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc [c] iin= 1m a vil [v] 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc [c] vih [v] 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc [c] vihyst [v] 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc [c]
electrical specifications VNQ5E250AJ-E 22/37 doc id 17360 rev 1 figure 23. on-state resistance vs t case figure 24. on-state resistance vs v cc figure 25. undervoltage shutdown figure 26. turn-on voltage slope figure 27. i limh vs t case figure 28. turn-off voltage slope ro n [ m oh m ] 0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc [c] iout= 0.5a vcc= 13v ro n [ m oh m ] 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 vcc [v] tc= -40c tc= 125c tc= 125c tc= 150c tc= -40c tc= 25c vusd [v] 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc [c] (dvout/dt)on [v/m s] 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc [c] v cc= 13v rl= 26 ? ilim h [a] 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc [c] v cc= 13v (dvout/dt)off [v/ms] 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc [c] v cc= 13v rl= 26 ?
VNQ5E250AJ-E electrical specifications doc id 17360 rev 1 23/37 figure 29. cs_dis high-level volt age figure 30. cs_dis clamp voltage figure 31. cs_dis low-level voltage vcsdh [v] 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc [c] vcsdcl [v] 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc [c] iin= 1m a vcsdl [v] 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc [c]
application information VNQ5E250AJ-E 24/37 doc id 17360 rev 1 3 application information figure 32. application schematic note: channel 2, 3, 4 have the same internal circuit as channel 1. 3.1 gnd protection network against reverse battery this section provides two solutions for implementing a ground protection network against reverse battery. 3.1.1 solution 1: resist or in the ground line (r gnd only) this can be used with any type of load. the following is an indication on how to dimension the r gnd resistor. 1. r gnd 600mv / (i s(on)max ). 2. r gnd (? v cc ) / (-i gnd ) where -i gnd is the dc reverse ground pin current and can be found in the absolute maximum rating section of the device datasheet. power dissipation in r gnd (when v cc <0: during reverse battery situations) is: p d = (-v cc ) 2 /r gnd this resistor can be shared amongst several different hsds. please note that the value of this resistor should be calculated with formula (1) where i s(on)max becomes the sum of the maximum on-state currents of the different devices. please note that if the microprocessor ground is not shared by the device ground then the r gnd produces a shift (i s(on)max * r gnd ) in the input thresholds and the status output values. this shift varies depending on how many devices are on in the case of several high side drivers sharing the same r gnd . v cc gnd output d gnd r gnd d ld cu +5v v gnd cs_dis iinput r prot r prot current sense r prot r sense c ext
VNQ5E250AJ-E application information doc id 17360 rev 1 25/37 if the calculated power dissipation leads to a large resistor or several devices have to share the same resistor then st suggests to utilize solution 2 (see below). 3.1.2 solution 2: diode (d gnd ) in the ground line a resistor (r gnd =1k ) should be inserted in parallel to d gnd if the device drives an inductive load. this small signal diode can be safely shared amongst several different hsds. also in this case, the presence of the ground network produces a shift ( 600mv) in the input threshold and in the status output values if the microprocessor ground is not common to the device ground. this shift not varies if more than one hsd shares the same diode/resistor network. 3.2 load dump protection d ld is necessary (voltage transient suppressor) if the load dump peak voltage exceeds the v cc max dc rating. the same applies if the device is subject to transients on the v cc line that are greater than the ones shown in the iso 7637-2: 2004(e) table. 3.3 mcu i/os protection if a ground protection network is used and negative transients are present on the v cc line, the control pins are pulled negative. st suggests to insert a resistor (r prot ) in line to prevent the c i/os pins to latch-up. the value of these resistors is a compromise between the leakage current of c and the current required by the hsd i/os (input levels compatibilit y) with the latch-up limit of c i/os. -v ccpeak /i latchup r prot (v oh c -v ih -v gnd ) / i ihmax calculation example: for v ccpeak = - 100v and i latchup 20ma; v oh c 4.5v 5k r prot 180k . recommended values: r prot =10k , c ext =10nf .
application information VNQ5E250AJ-E 26/37 doc id 17360 rev 1 3.4 current sense and diagnostic the current sense pin performs a double function (see figure 33: current sense and diagnostic ): current mirror of the load cu rrent in normal operation, delivering a current proportional to the load one according to a know ratio k x . the current i sense can be easily converted to a voltage v sense by means of an external resistor r sense . linearity between i out and v sense is ensured up to 5v minimum (see parameter v sense in table 9: current sense (8 v < v cc <18v) ). the current sense accuracy depends on the output current (refer to current sense electrical characteristics table 9: current sense (8 v < v cc <18v) ). diagnostic flag in fault conditions , delivering a fixed voltage v senseh up to a maximum current i senseh in case of the following fault conditions (refer to ta bl e 1 1 ): ? power limitation activation ?overtemperature ?short to v cc in off-state ? open load in off-state with additional external components. a logic level high on cs_dis pin sets at the same time all the current sense pins of the device in a high impedance state, thus disabling the current monitoring and diagnostic detection. this feature allows multiplexing of the microcontroller analog inputs by sharing of sense resistance and adc line among different devices. figure 33. current sense and diagnostic main mosn 41v outn i loff 2 r sense r prot to uc adc r pu v pu pwr _lim v sense pu_ cmd overtemperature ol off + - v ol current sensen i out /k x i senseh v bat v senseh load inputn v cc gnd cs_ dis
VNQ5E250AJ-E application information doc id 17360 rev 1 27/37 3.4.1 short to v cc and off-state open load detection short to v cc a short circuit between v cc and output is indicated by the relevant current sense pin set to v senseh during the device off-state. small or no current is delivered by the current sense during the on-state depending on the nature of the short circuit. off-state open load with external circuitry detection of an open load in off mode requires an external pull-up resistor r pu connecting the output to a positive supply voltage v pu . it is preferable v pu to be switched off during the module standby mode in order to avoid the overall standby current consumption to increase in normal conditions, i.e. when load is connected. for proper open load detection in off-state, the external pull-up resistor must be selected according to the following formula: for the values of v olmin ,v olmax and i l(off2) see table 10: open-load detection (8 v < v cc <18v) . v v r r i r r v r v ol pd pu off l pd pu pu pd on up pull out 4 max ) 2 ( _ = > + ? ? ? ? = ?
application information VNQ5E250AJ-E 28/37 doc id 17360 rev 1 3.5 maximum demagnetization energy (v cc =13.5v) figure 34. maximum turn-off current versus inductance (for each channel) note: values are generated with r l =0 in case of repetitive pulses, t jstart (at beginning of each demagnetization) of every pulse must not exceed the temperature specified above for curves a and b. 0.1 1 10 1 10 100 1000 l (mh) i (a) demagnetization demagnetization demagnetization t v in , i l c: t jstart = 125c repetitive pulse a: t jstart = 150c single pulse b: t jstart = 100c repetitive pulse a b c
VNQ5E250AJ-E package and pcb thermal data doc id 17360 rev 1 29/37 4 package and pcb thermal data 4.1 powersso-16 thermal data figure 35. powersso-16 pc board 1. board finish thickness 1.6 mm +/- 10%, board do uble layer, board dimension 77 mm x 86 mm, board material fr4, cu thickness 0.070 mm (front and back side), thermal vi as separation 1.2 mm, thermal via diameter 0.3 mm +/- 0.08 mm, cu thickness on vias 0.025 mm, footprint dimension 2.2 mm x 3.9 mm. figure 36. r thj-amb vs pcb copper area in open box fr ee air condition (one channel on) . rthjamb 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 0246810 rthjamb
package and pcb the rmal data VNQ5E250AJ-E 30/37 doc id 17360 rev 1 figure 37. powersso-16 thermal impedance junction ambient single pulse (one channel on) equation 1: pulse calculation formula 1 10 100 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 time (s) zth (c/w) cu=8 cm2 cu=2 cm2 cu=foot print z th r th z thtp 1 ? () + ? = where t p t ? =
VNQ5E250AJ-E package and pcb thermal data doc id 17360 rev 1 31/37 figure 38. thermal fitting model of a double channel hsd in powersso-16 (1) 1. the fitting model is a simplified thermal tool and is valid for trans ient evolutions where the embedded protections (power limitation or thermal cycling during ther mal shutdown) are not triggered. table 15. thermal parameters area/island (cm 2 )footprint28 r1 = r7 = r9 = r11 (c/w) 2 r2 = r8 = r10 = r12 (c/w) 2.5 r3 (c/w) 5 r4 (c/w) 16 6 6 r5 (c/w) 30 20 10 r6 (c/w) 26 20 18 c1 = c7 = c9 = c11 (w.s/c) 0.0005 c2 = c8 = c10 = c12 (w.s/c) 0.001 c3 (w.s/c) 0.01 c4 (w.s/c) 0.2 0.3 0.3 c5 (w.s/c) 0.4 1 1 c6 (w.s/c) 3 5 7
package and packing information VNQ5E250AJ-E 32/37 doc id 17360 rev 1 5 package and packing information 5.1 ecopack ? packages in order to meet environmental requirements, st offers these devices in different grades of ecopack ? packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ecopack ? specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com . ecopack ? is an st trademark. 5.2 powersso-16 pa ckage information figure 39. powersso-16 package dimensions
VNQ5E250AJ-E package and packing information doc id 17360 rev 1 33/37 note: 1 dimensions d does not include mold flash protrusions or gate burrs. mold flash protrusions or gate burrs shall not exceed 0.15 mm in total (both side). 2 drawings dimensions include single and matrix versions. table 16. powersso-16 mechanical data symbol millimeters min. typ. max. a1.25 1.72 a1 0.00 0.10 a2 1.10 1.62 b0.18 0.36 c0.19 0.25 d4.80 5.00 e3.80 4.00 e0.50 h5.80 6.20 h0.25 0.50 l0.40 1.27 k0d 8d x1.90 2.50 y3.60 4.20 ddd 0.10
package and packing information VNQ5E250AJ-E 34/37 doc id 17360 rev 1 5.3 packing information figure 40. powersso-16 tube shipment (no suffix) figure 41. powersso-16 tape and reel shipment (suffix ?tr?) all dimensions are in mm. base q.ty 100 bulk q.ty 2000 tube length ( 0.5) 532 a1.85 b6.75 c ( 0.1) 0.6 a c b base q.ty 2500 bulk q.ty 2500 a (max) 330 b (min) 1.5 c ( 0.2) 13 f 20.2 g (+ 2 / -0) 12.4 n (min) 60 t (max) 18.4 reel dimensions tape dimensions according to electronic industries association (eia) standard 481 rev. a, feb. 1986 all dimensions are in mm. tape width w 12 tape hole spacing p0 ( 0.1) 4 component spacing p 8 hole diameter d ( 0.05) 1.5 hole diameter d1 (min) 1.5 hole position f ( 0.1) 5.5 compartment depth k (max) 4.5 hole spacing p1 ( 0.1) 2 top cover tape end start no components no components components 500mm min 500mm min empty components pockets saled with cover tape. user direction of feed
VNQ5E250AJ-E order codes doc id 17360 rev 1 35/37 6 order codes table 17. device summary package order codes part number (tube) part number (tape & reel) powersso-16 VNQ5E250AJ-E vnq5e250ajtr-e
revision history VNQ5E250AJ-E 36/37 doc id 17360 rev 1 7 revision history table 18. document revision history date revision changes 19-apr-2010 1 initial release.
VNQ5E250AJ-E doc id 17360 rev 1 37/37 please read carefully: information in this document is provided solely in connection with st products. stmicroelectronics nv and its subsidiaries (?st ?) reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described he rein at any time, without notice. all st products are sold pursuant to st?s terms and conditions of sale. purchasers are solely responsible for the choice, selection and use of the st products and services described herein, and st as sumes no liability whatsoever relating to the choice, selection or use of the st products and services described herein. no license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted under this document. i f any part of this document refers to any third party products or services it shall not be deemed a license grant by st for the use of such third party products or services, or any intellectual property contained therein or considered as a warranty covering the use in any manner whatsoev er of such third party products or services or any intellectual property contained therein. unless otherwise set forth in st?s terms and conditions of sale st disclaims any express or implied warranty with respect to the use and/or sale of st products including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a parti cular purpose (and their equivalents under the laws of any jurisdiction), or infringement of any patent, copyright or other intellectual property right. unless expressly approved in writing by an authorized st representative, st products are not recommended, authorized or warranted for use in military , air craft, space, life saving, or life sustaining applications, nor in products or systems where failure or malfunction may result in personal injury, death, or severe property or environmental damage. st products which are not specified as "automotive grade" may only be used in automotive applications at user?s own risk. resale of st products with provisions different from the statements and/or technical features set forth in this document shall immediately void any warranty granted by st for the st product or service described herein and shall not create or extend in any manner whatsoev er, any liability of st. st and the st logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of st in various countries. information in this document supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. the st logo is a registered trademark of stmicroelectronics. all other names are the property of their respective owners. ? 2010 stmicroelectronics - all rights reserved stmicroelectronics group of companies australia - belgium - brazil - canada - china - czech republic - finland - france - germany - hong kong - india - israel - ital y - japan - malaysia - malta - morocco - philippines - singapore - spain - sweden - switzerland - united kingdom - united states of america www.st.com

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