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| user?s manual target device pd77110 pd77113a pd77114 pd77115 pd77210 pd77213 sap77016-b08 aac audio decoder middleware document no. u15152ej2v0um00 (2nd edition) date published october 2002 ns cp(n) printed in japan 1999 ? 2000
user?s manual u15152ej2v0um 2 [memo] user?s manual u15152ej2v0um 3 windows is either a trademark or registered trademark of microsoft corporation in the united states and/or other countries. m8e 00. 4 the information in this document is current as of october, 2002. the information is subject to change without notice. for actual design-in, refer to the latest publications of nec's data sheets or data books, etc., for the most up-to-date specifications of nec semiconductor products. not all products and/or types are available in every country. please check with an nec sales representative for availability and additional information. no part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means without prior written consent of nec. nec assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document. nec does not assume any liability for infringement of patents, copyrights or other intellectual pr operty rights of third parties by or arising from the use of nec semiconductor products listed in this document or any other liability arising from the use of such products. no license, express, implied or otherwise, is granted under any patents, copyrights or other intellectual pr operty rights of nec or others. descriptions of circuits, software and other related information in this document are provided for illustrative purposes in semiconductor product operation and application examples. the incorporation of these circuits, software and information in the design of customer's equipment shall be done under the full responsibility of customer. nec assumes no responsibility for any losses incurred by customers or third parties arising from the use of these circuits, software and information. while nec endeavours to enhance the quality, reliability and safety of nec semiconductor products, customers agree and acknowledge that the possibility of defects thereof cannot be eliminated entirely. to minimize risks of damage to property or injury (including death) to persons arising from defects in nec semiconductor products, customers must incorporate sufficient safety measures in their design, such as redundancy, fire-containment, and anti-failure features. nec semiconductor products are classified into the following three quality grades: "standard", "special" and "specific". the "specific" quality grade applies only to semiconductor products developed based on a customer-designated "quality assurance program" for a specific application. the recommended applications of a semiconductor product depend on its quality grade, as indicated below. customers must check the quality grade of each semiconductor product bef ore using it in a particular application. "standard": computers, office equipment, communications equipment, test and measurement equipment, audio and visual equipment, home electronic appliances, machine tools, personal electronic equipment and industrial robots "special": tr ansportation equipment (automobiles, trains, ships, etc.), traffic control systems, anti-disaster systems, anti-crime systems, safety equipment and medical equipment (not specifically designed for life support) "specific": aircraft, aerospace equipment, submersible repeaters, nuclear reactor control systems, life support systems and medical equipment for life support, etc. the quality grade of nec semiconductor products is "standard" unless otherwise expressly specified in nec's data sheets or data books, etc. if customers wish to use nec semiconductor products in applications not intended by nec, they must contact an nec sales representative in advance to determine nec's willingness to support a given application. (note) (1) "nec" as used in this statement means nec corporation and also includes its majority-owned subsidiaries. (2) "nec semiconductor products" means any semiconductor product developed or manufactured by or for nec (as defined above). ? ? ? ? ? ? user ? s manual u15152ej2v0um 4 regional information some information contained in this document may vary from country to country. before using any nec product in your application, piease contact the nec office in your country to obtain a list of authorized representatives and distributors. they will verify: ? device availability ? ordering information ? product release schedule ? availability of related technical literature ? development environment specifications (for example, specifications for third-party tools and components, host computers, power plugs, ac supply voltages, and so forth) ? network requirements in addition, trademarks, registered trademarks, export restrictions, and other legal issues may also vary from country to country. nec electronics inc. (u.s.) santa clara, california tel: 408-588-6000 800-366-9782 fax: 408-588-6130 800-729-9288 nec electronics hong kong ltd. hong kong tel: 2886-9318 fax: 2886-9022/9044 nec electronics hong kong ltd. seoul branch seoul, korea tel: 02-528-0303 fax: 02-528-4411 nec electronics shanghai, ltd. shanghai, p.r. china tel: 021-6841-1138 fax: 021-6841-1137 nec electronics taiwan ltd. taipei, taiwan tel: 02-2719-2377 fax: 02-2719-5951 nec electronics singapore pte. ltd. novena square, singapore tel: 253-8311 fax: 250-3583 nec do brasil s.a. electron devices division guarulhos-sp, brasil tel: 11-6462-6810 fax: 11-6462-6829 j02.4 nec electronics (europe) gmbh duesseldorf, germany tel: 0211-65 03 01 fax: 0211-65 03 327 sucursal en espa ? a madrid, spain tel: 091-504 27 87 fax: 091-504 28 60 v lizy-villacoublay, france tel: 01-30-67 58 00 fax: 01-30-67 58 99 succursale fran ? aise filiale italiana milano, italy tel: 02-66 75 41 fax: 02-66 75 42 99 branch the netherlands eindhoven, the netherlands tel: 040-244 58 45 fax: 040-244 45 80 branch sweden taeby, sweden tel: 08-63 80 820 fax: 08-63 80 388 united kingdom branch milton keynes, uk tel: 01908-691-133 fax: 01908-670-290 user?s manual u15152ej2v0um 5 major revisions in this edition page description p.13 change of the product name pd77113 of 1.3.3 (1) operable dsps to pd77113a. addition of the pd77210 and 77213. p.13 change of the size in table1-3 required memory sizes . p.20 modification of description of arguments r0,r5 in 2.2.1 a2d_initdec function p.23 modification of description of arguments r0 and hardware resourcement in 2.2.3 a2d_dec function . p.25 modification of description of return value r0 in 2.2.5 a2d_getstatus function. p.26 modification of description of function table in 2.2.6 a2d_geterrorstatus function. p.27 modification of description of argument, return value and registers used in 2.2.7 aac_dec_fillbits function. p.28 modification of description 2.2.8 aac_read_1word function. p.38 to 45 modification of description in apendix sample program source ? sample.asm a2d.h a2d_dec.h, a2d_errh.h a2d_err.h ? sam_call.asm replaced ? sam_deta.asm a2d.h a2d_dec.h ? sam_int.asm a2d.h a2d_dec.h, a2d_errh.h a2d_err.h the mark shows major revised points. 6 user?s manual u15152ej2v0um preface target readers this manual is for users who design and develop pd77016 family application systems. pd77016 family is the generic name for the pd7701x family ( pd77015, 77016, 77017, 77018a, 77019), the pd77111 family ( pd77110, 77111, 77112, 77113a, 77114, 77115) and the pd77210 family ( pd77210, 77213). however, this manual is for pd77110, 77113a, 77114, 77115, 77210 and 77213 devices. purpose the purpose of this manual is to help users understand the supporting middleware when designing and developing pd77016 family application systems. organization this manual consists of the following contents. chapter 1 overview chapter 2 library specifications chapter 3 installation chapter 4 system examples appendix sample program source how to read this manual it is assumed that the reader of this manual has general knowledge in the fields of electrical engineering, logic circuits, microcontrollers, and the c language. to learn about pd77111 family hardware functions refer to pd77111 family user?s manual architecture . to learn about pd77210 family hardware functions refer to pd77210 family user?s manual architecture . to learn about pd77016 family hardware functions refer to pd77016 family user?s manual instruction . conventions data significance: higher digits on the left and lower digits on the right active low representation: xxx (overscore over pin or signal name) note : footnote for item marked with note in the text caution : information requiring particular attention remark : supplementary information numerical representation: binary ... xxxx or 0bxxxx decimal ... xxxx hexadecimal ... 0xxxxx user?s manual u15152ej2v0um 7 related documents the related documents indicated in this publication may include preliminary versions. however, preliminary versions are not marked as such. documents related to devices user?s manual application note document name name part number pamphlet data sheet architecture instructions basic software pd77110 pd77111 pd77112 u12801e pd77113 pd77114 u12395e u14373e u14623e u13116e u11958e pd77115 u14867e pd77210 u15203e u15807e pd77213 documents related to development tools document name document no. function u14397e rx77016 user?s manual configuration tool u14404e rx77016 application note host api u14371e caution the related documents listed above are subject to change without notice. be sure to use the latest version of each document for designing. 8 user?s manual u15152ej2v0um contents chapter 1 overview .......................................................................................................... ............... 11 1.1 middleware ................................................................................................................ ................................... 11 1.2 aac audio decoder......................................................................................................... ............................ 11 1.2.1 decoder outline......................................................................................................... ............................ 12 1.3 product overview.......................................................................................................... ............................... 13 1.3.1 features................................................................................................................ ................................ 13 1.3.2 functions ............................................................................................................... ............................... 13 1.3.3 operating environment ................................................................................................... ...................... 13 1.3.4 performance ............................................................................................................. ............................ 15 1.3.5 directory configuration................................................................................................. ......................... 16 1.4 compressed data format .................................................................................................... ....................... 17 1.4.1 adif format outline..................................................................................................... .......................... 17 1.4.2 adts format outline ..................................................................................................... ........................ 17 1.5 timing diagram............................................................................................................ ................................ 18 chapter 2 library specifications ........................................................................................... .19 2.1 library overview.......................................................................................................... ................................ 19 2.2 function specifications................................................................................................... ............................ 20 2.2.1 a2d_initdec function .................................................................................................... ......................... 20 2.2.2 a2d_set_adif_header function............................................................................................ ................... 22 2.2.3 a2d_dec function........................................................................................................ .......................... 23 2.2.4 a2d_getversion function ................................................................................................. ..................... 24 2.2.5 a2d_getstatus function .................................................................................................. ...................... 25 2.2.6 a2d_geterrorstatus function ............................................................................................. ................... 26 2.2.7 aac_dec_fillbits function............................................................................................... ......................... 27 2.2.8 aac_read_1word function ................................................................................................. .................... 28 2.3 application processing flow ............................................................................................... ....................... 29 2.4 data flow ................................................................................................................. ..................................... 30 chapter 3 installation ...................................................................................................... ............ 31 3.1 installation procedure .................................................................................................... ............................. 31 3.2 sample program creation procedure ......................................................................................... ............... 31 3.3 symbol naming regulations ................................................................................................. ..................... 32 3.4 sample program processing flow ............................................................................................ ................. 33 chapter 4 system example ................................................................................................... ....... 34 4.1 simulation environment using timing files ................................................................................. ............ 34 4.2 operation ................................................................................................................. ..................................... 34 appendix sample program source .......................................................................................... 37 user?s manual u15152ej2v0um 9 list of figures figure no. title page 1-1 sample configuration of decoding ............................................................................................ .................... 12 1-2 adif format ................................................................................................................. ................................. 17 1-3 adts format................................................................................................................. ................................ 17 1-4 timing diagram .............................................................................................................. ............................... 18 2-1 user-defined input buffer ................................................................................................... ........................... 21 2-2 user-defined output buffer .................................................................................................. ......................... 23 2-3 application processing flow (decoder) ....................................................................................... .................. 29 2-4 sample data flow ............................................................................................................ ............................. 30 3-1 sample program processing flow .............................................................................................. .................. 33 10 user?s manual u15152ej2v0um list of tables table no. title page 1-1 sampling frequencies ........................................................................................................ ...........................11 1-2 maximum bit rates........................................................................................................... .............................12 1-3 required memory sizes....................................................................................................... ..........................13 1-4 scratch areas ............................................................................................................... .................................14 1-5 software tools .............................................................................................................. .................................14 1-6 mips needed in one frame decompression processing ........................................................................... ..15 2-1 list of library functions................................................................................................... ..............................19 2-2 user-defined functions ...................................................................................................... ...........................19 2-3 values of a2d_getstatus() return value r2 ................................................................................... ..............25 3-1 symbol names................................................................................................................ ...............................32 user?s manual u15152ej2v0um 11 chapter 1 overview 1.1 middleware middleware is the name given to a group of software that has been tuned so that it draws out the maximum performance of the processor and enables processing that is conventionally performed by hardware to be performed by software. the concept of middleware was introduced with the development of a new high-speed processor, the dsp, in order to facilitate operation of the environments integrated in the system. by providing appropriate speech codec and image data compression/decompression-type middleware, nec is offering users the kind of technology essential in the realization of a multimedia system for the pd77016 family, and is continuing its promotion of system development. sap77016-b08 is middleware that provides aac-technology decoding functions. 1.2 aac audio decoder aac is a form of audio coding for multiple channels (up to 64 channels) that achieves high quality and high compression rates by excluding compatibility with mpeg-1 audio. the relevant standard is iso/iec 13818-7. in this user?s manual, aac is an abbreviation for advanced audio coding. sap77016-b08 complies with this aac-technology decoding method. the compressed data is data that encodes a digital signal converted to 16-bit linear pcm data after sampling an analog signal at frequencies shown in table 1-1. note that sap77016-b08 decodes and outputs at most two front channels. table 1-1. sampling frequencies frequency [hz] 8000 11025 12000 16000 22050 24000 32000 44100 48000 64000 88200 96000 chapter 1 overview user?s manual u15152ej2v0um 12 1.2.1 decoder outline figure 1-1 is a sample configuration of decoding using sap77016-b08. figure 1-1. sample configuration of decoding in (aac encode data) out same sampling frequency as dac variable bit rate decoder (aac) dac (1) aac encode data aac encode data is data in which sampled 16-bit linear pcm data is encoded. for sampling frequencies, refer to table 1-1 sampling frequencies . the maximum value of the bit rate differs according to the sampling frequency. the bit rate can have any value up to the maximum value. table 1-2 shows the maximum values of bit rate. table 1-2. maximum bit rates sampling frequency [hz] maximum bit rate [kbps/ch] 8000 48 11025 66.15 12000 72 16000 96 22050 132.3 24000 144 32000 192 44100 264.6 48000 288 64000 384 88200 529.2 96000 576 (2) aac decoder (decoder(aac)) the aac decoder (decoder(aac)) reads input data, performs decoding, and outputs 16-bit linear pcm data. it decodes and outputs at most two front channels. in adts format, it performs crc processing as error compensation at the end. (3) dac the dac converts 16-bit linear pcm data to an analog signal. the dac must operate at the sampling frequency attached to the encoded data. if the sampling frequency of the encoded data differs from the dac, separate frequency conversion software (such as a rate converter) is needed. chapter 1 overview user ? s manual u15152ej2v0um 13 1.3 product overview 1.3.1 features ? employs aac decoder algorithm standardized by iso/iec ? bit rates correspond to maximum bit rates shown in table 1-2 maximum bit rates ? input data is encoded 16-bit linear pcm data sampled at a sampling frequency ( table 1-1 sampling frequencies ) ? output data is 16-bit linear pcm data of the same frequency as the sampling frequency of input data ? 1024 samples/frame/channel decoding ? supports adts, adif, and raw formats ? provides crc as error compensation (adts format only) ? supports decoding of two front channels 1.3.2 functions (1) decompression processing decompression processing converts compressed data to one raw of 16-bit linear pcm data. (2) error compensation crc is performed as error compensation processing in adts format. 1.3.3 operating environment (1) operable dsps: pd77110, 77113a, 77114, 77115, 77210, 77213 (2) required memory size: sap77016-b0b requires memory sizes shown in the following table. table 1-3. required memory sizes memory type size [kwords] instruction memory ? 8.6 scratch area 2.0 ram static area 0.7 x memory rom 4.0 scratch area 4.0 ram static area 4.1 y memory rom 3.9 caution one word of instruction memory is 32 bits. one word of x memory or y memory is 16 bits. chapter 1 overview user ? s manual u15152ej2v0um 14 scratch areas are memory areas that can be discarded when sap77016-b08 is not operating. the user should define scratch areas. a defined scratch area must be set using the a2d_initdec function. the user can use scratch areas when sap77016-b08 is not operating. however, caution is required when using these areas. since sap77016-b08 will use these areas again when it operates, if a user has set information in scratch areas, the set information cannot be guaranteed. refer to table 1-4 when using scratch areas. table 1-4. scratch areas memory public symbol name address size [words] x memory lib_scratch_x specify at 0 2048 y memory lib_scratch_y specify align at 0 4096 a static area is a memory area that cannot be discarded even when sap77016-b08 is not operating. a user cannot use a static area. besides the memories described in table 1-3, input buffer (x memory) and output buffer (x memory) are required. in the sample program described later, 1024 words are used as an input buffer and 2048 words as two output buffers, for a total of three buffers. (3) required d/a specs d/a 2 ch, 16-bit resolution, shown in table 1-1 sampling frequencies (4) software tools (windows tm version) table 1-5. software tools relevant dsp software tools pd77016 family dsp tools wb77016 (workbench) hsm77016 (high-speed simulator) chapter 1 overview user ? s manual u15152ej2v0um 15 1.3.4 performance table 1-6 shows the mips values that are necessary in order to execute one frame processing in real time. measurement and calculation conditions dsp: pd77110 (operating frequency: 75 mhz, 75 mips) sampling frequency: 44.1 khz table 1-6. mips needed in one frame decompression processing measurement and calculation condition decompression time [mips/ch] logical maximum mips value note 1 24.2 measured maximum mips value note 2 13.5 decompression measured average mips value note 2 11.0 crc (adts only) logical note 1 value 0.5 notes 1. logical means that the value is calculated by taking the maximum number of cycles for the number of loops, number of repeats, and algorithm processing route in a program. 2. measured means that the mips value was measured by actually executing sap77016- b08 on a real machine and decompressing stereo (2-channel) encoded data at an average bit rate of 128 kbps. chapter 1 overview user ? s manual u15152ej2v0um 16 1.3.5 directory configuration the directory configuration of sap77016-b08 is shown below. pd77016 family library library for pd77113a, 77114, 77213 a2d_dec.h: a2d_err.h: timing file for saving serial output in file timing file for clocks input serially timing file source file for interrupt servicing source file for data area source file for callback function sample source file header file for sample program project file error status header file library header file (for decoder) a2dram.lib: library for pd77110, 77115, 77210 smp aacdec a2drom.lib: sample.prj: sample.h: sample.asm: sam_call.asm: sam_data.asm: sam_int.asm: sample.tmg: serclk.tmg: serout16.tmg: a summary of each directory is shown below. (1) library this directory contains library files. (2) smp --- aacdec this directory contains sample program source files and header files. it also provides timing files described later. chapter 1 overview user ? s manual u15152ej2v0um 17 1.4 compressed data format for details of the compressed data format, refer to standards ( iso/iec 13818-7 ). sap77016-b08 specifications conform to standards. 1.4.1 adif format outline figure 1-2 shows the structure of adif format. figure 1-2. adif format raw data n ? 1 raw data x raw data 2 raw data n *1 header raw data 1 1 file audio data remark header: contains information for synchronizing, such as sampling frequency, bit rate, and mode. audio data: this is information related to the audio sample. it consists of multiple raw data bit streams. raw data: this is a bit stream of the smallest unit that is decoded. *1: bit alignment 1.4.2 adts format outline figure 1-3 shows the structure of adts format. figure 1-3. adts format frame frame header variable header frame frame frame frame 1 file *1 raw data 1 raw data 2 raw data 3 raw data 4 *2 1 file audio data remark frame header: contains information for synchronizing, such as sampling frequency, bit rate, and mode. variable header: this is information needed in decoding, such as the number of raw data bit streams included in the audio data. audio data: this is information related to the audio sample. it consists of multiple raw data bit streams. raw data: this is a bit stream of the smallest unit that is decoded. there are up to four in one frame. *1: error check *2: bit alignment chapter 1 overview user ? s manual u15152ej2v0um 18 1.5 timing diagram figure 1-4 shows the timing diagram of decoder. figure 1-4. timing diagram obtain compressed data aac decompression processing 1 raw data of data length 0 1 raw data of compressed data time 1 raw data of audio data <1> <2> <3> <4> user application 16-bit linear pcm data output interrupt handler <1> read 1 raw data of compressed data and pass it to decompression processing. <2> convert 1 raw data of compressed data to 1 raw data of decompressed data. <3> buffer decompressed data. besides this, perform application processing. if the sampling frequency differs from that of dac, the user should execute rate conversion to convert to the same sampling frequency as dac. <4> perform d/a conversion of 1 raw data of 16-bit linear pcm data. user?s manual u15152ej2v0um 19 chapter 2 library specifications 2.1 library overview sap77016-b08 provides the following six functions. table 2-1. list of library functions function name function a2d_initdec initialize decompression processing a2d_set_adif_header adif/raw parameter initialization processing a2d_dec decompression processing a2d_getversion obtain version information a2d_getstatus obtain status information a2d_geterrorstatus obtain error information in addition, the functions in table 2-2 must be defined to operate sap77016-b08. these functions need to be provided by the user. table 2-2. user-defined functions function name function aac_read_1word read frame header aac_dec_fillbits obtain input data chapter 2 library specifications user?s manual u15152ej2v0um 20 2.2 function specifications specifications when calling each library function are shown below. 2.2.1 a2d_initdec function [classification] aac decoder initialization processing [function name] a2d_initdec [summary of function] initializes ram areas and sets parameters used by sap77016-b08 [format] call a2d_initdec [arguments] r0 initialization mode bit 0 0: decode raw_data only 1: decode format with header (adif/adts) bit 8 0: normal 1: check header using aac_read_1word function on crc error when adts decoding r1 reserved r2 reserved r3 reserved r4 address of callback function aac_read_1word r5 address of callback function aac_dec_fillbits r6 0x0000 fixed (address of scratch area lib_scratch_x) r7 address of scratch area lib_scratch_y dp0 pointer to user-defined input buffer (see figure 2-1 ) [return value] r0 0: decoding error 1: decoded object was adif/raw 2: decoded object was adts [function] initialize ram areas used by sap77016-b08 and set parameters. [registers used] r0, r1, r2, r3, r4, r5, r6, r7, dp0, dp4 [hardware resourcement] maximum stack level 3 maximum loop stack level 2 maximum number of repeats 1023 maximum number of cycles 48413 caution the a2d_initdec function initializes only ram areas that the sap77016-b08 uses. initialization of user-defined ram areas (such as i/o buffers) should be performed in a user program. chapter 2 library specifications user?s manual u15152ej2v0um 21 figure 2-1. user-defined input buffer read pointer: dp0 buffer size = 1024 words (fixed) chapter 2 library specifications user ? s manual u15152ej2v0um 22 2.2.2 a2d_set_adif_header function [classification] adif/raw parameter initialization processing [function name] a2d_set_adif_header [summary of function] sets parameters required for adif/raw format decoding [format] call a2d_set_adif_header [arguments] dp0 pointer to parameter save area [return value] r0 0: error other than 0: normal [function] set parameters required for adif/raw format decoding. [registers used] r0, r2, r4, r5, r6, dp0, dp1, dp2 [hardware resourcement] maximum stack level 1 maximum loop stack level 1 maximum number of repeats 0 maximum number of cycles 128 chapter 2 library specifications user ? s manual u15152ej2v0um 23 2.2.3 a2d_dec function [classification] aac decoder processing [function name] a2d_dec [summary of function] executes aac decoding and obtains result of decoding [format] call a2d_dec [arguments] r0 0: decode raw_data only 1: decode adif 2: decode adts r1 0: perform normal decoding 1: skip decoding for one frame dp0 pointer to pcm data output area (see figure 2-2 ) [return value] r0 0: error other than 0: normal [function] perform decoding in the mode specified in r0 and obtain a 2048-word decoding result. output the decoding result in the output buffer specified in dp0. [registers used] r0, r1, r2, r3, r4, r5, r6, r7, dp0, dp1, dp2, dp3, dp4, dp5, dp6, dp7, dn0, dn1, dn2, dn3, dn4, dn5, dn6, dn7, dmx, dmy [hardware resourcement] maximum stack level 6 maximum loop stack level 4 maximum number of repeats 176 (measured maximum value) maximum mips value 31 mips (if there is no error encoding) 31.5 mips (if there is error encoding) figure 2-2. user-defined output buffer pointer to output buffer: dp0 l r buffer size = 2048 words (fixed) chapter 2 library specifications user ? s manual u15152ej2v0um 24 2.2.4 a2d_getversion function [classification] version information acquisition [function name] a2d_getversion [summary of function] returns the version of the library. [format] call a2d_getversion [arguments] none [return value] r0h major version number r0l minor version number [function] return the version number of the sap77016-b08 library in a 32-bit value. version when r0 = 0x00 ? 0x0001 ? 0x0100: v1.01 [registers used] r0 [hardware resourcement] maximum stack level 0 maximum loop stack level 0 maximum number of repeats 0 maximum number of cycles 6 chapter 2 library specifications user ? s manual u15152ej2v0um 25 2.2.5 a2d_getstatus function [classification] status information acquisition [function name] a2d_getstatus [summary of function] obtains the status of the decoding result. information from the decoding performed just before this function was called is returned as the status. [format] call a2d_getstatus [arguments] none [return value] r0 0: decode error 1: adif/raw format 2: adts format r1 0: result of decoding is monaural 1: result of decoding is stereo r2 index value of sampling frequency (see table 2-3 ) r3 0: normal decoding other than 0: skip 1 frame of decoding r4 indicates the size [byte] of input data that is decoded by a2d_dec just before this function [function] obtain status information and set registers. [registers used] r0, r1, r2, r3, r4 [hardware resourcement] maximum stack level 0 maximum loop stack level 0 maximum number of repeats 0 maximum number of cycles 15 table 2-3. values of a2d_getstatus() return value r2 value of r2 (index value) hex bin sampling frequency [hz] 0x00 ? 0000 ? 96000 0x01 ? 0001 ? 88200 0x02 ? 0010 ? 64000 0x03 ? 0011 ? 48000 0x04 ? 0100 ? 44100 0x05 ? 0101 ? 32000 0x06 ? 0110 ? 24000 0x07 ? 0111 ? 22050 0x08 ? 1000 ? 16000 0x09 ? 1001 ? 12000 0x0a ? 1010 ? 11025 0x0b ? 1011 ? 8000 chapter 2 library specifications user ? s manual u15152ej2v0um 26 2.2.6 a2d_geterrorstatus function [classification] error information acquisition [function name] a2d_geterrorstatus [summary of function] obtain aac decoder error information. [format] call a2d_geterrorstatus [arguments] none [return value] r0 error status [function] return the values below as aac decoder error information. processing cannot be continued following the occurrence of an error. name value contents _aac_ebit_fatal_error 0x0001 this is a fatal error. _aac_ebit_cce_found 0x0002 a cce note was detected and ignored. _aac_ebit_crc_error 0x0004 a crc error occurred on adts format data. _aac_ebit_no_header 0x0008 no header was found. note cce : coupling channel element [registers used] r0 [hardware resourcement] maximum stack level 0 maximum loop stack level 0 maximum number of repeats 0 maximum number of cycles 4 chapter 2 library specifications user ? s manual u15152ej2v0um 27 2.2.7 aac_dec_fillbits function the aac_dec_fillbits function is a user function called by sap77016-b08 (callback function). create the function using the following specifications. [classification] input data acquisition function [function name] aac_dec_fillbits [summary of function] fills input buffer with bit stream required for aac decoding [format] a2d_dec calls this function using the format call dp4. set the address of this function using the a2d_initdec function. [arguments] a2d_dec sets the following registers and calls the user-defined function. r1 fill request word count dp0 input data write pointer dn0 1 dmx input buffer size (1024 words fixed) [return value] r0 fixed to 0 dp0 input data write pointer [function] fill the input buffer with a bit stream required for aac decoding. [registers used] if using registers other than those shown below, use them after saving register contents in memory. ? r0, r2, r3 chapter 2 library specifications user ? s manual u15152ej2v0um 28 2.2.8 aac_read_1word function the aac_read_1word function is a user function called by sap77016-b08 (callback function). create the function using the following specifications. [classification] header seek function [function name] aac_read_1word [summary of function] reads a header of the next frame to decode . [format] a2d_dec calls this function using the format call dp4. set the address of this function using the a2d_initdec function. [arguments] a2d_dec sets the following register and calls the user-defined function. r2 size of the current frame to seek (byte) r7 information of frame position 0x000d: the beginning of the frame is higher byte (bit 15 to bit 8) of a word. 0x0005: the beginning of the frame is lower byte (bit 7 to bit 0) of a word. dp1 input buffer (user-defined) read pointer (this pointer has gone ahead just 6 bytes from the beginning of the current frame.) [return value] r0 a header of the next frame remark : if r0 is an expected header value (0xfff8 or 0xfff9), - a2d_dec realize that the header recognition of the current frame is correct. - a2d_dec output the error code (crc error) as a return value. if r0 is other value, - a2d_dec realize that the header recognition of the current frame is error. - a2d_dec start seeking a header of the frame again. [function] in the case of crc error in adts decoding, a2d_dec calls this function. this function seeks and reads a header of the next frame to decode by frame size (r2), frame position (r7) and input buffer read pointer (dp1). this header information is used for distinction whether the header recognition of the current frame is correct in a2d_dec. [registers used] if using registers other than those shown below, use them after saving register contents in memory. ? r0, r1, r2, r7, dp1 chapter 2 library specifications user ? s manual u15152ej2v0um 29 2.3 application processing flow figure 2-3 shows an example of the processing of an application that uses sap77016-b08. figure 2-3. application processing flow (decoder) start audio output initialization processing ? da initial setup ? interrupt enable, etc. decoder initialization call a2d_initdec no audio output interrupt handler 16-bit linear pcm data output ye s decoder data input processing decoding processing call a2d_dec decoder data output processing 1 frame of sampling count? the audio data i/o processing section of the interrupt handler is processing that depends on the hardware of the target system. consequently, the user should design it to suit the target system. chapter 2 library specifications user ? s manual u15152ej2v0um 30 2.4 data flow figure 2-4 shows an example of the data flow when decoding. data in the input buffer must be set in order from msb to lsb. for example, place the data 0x1234, 0x5678, ... in the order 0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0x78, .... figure 2-4. sample data flow user-defined function aac_dec_fillbits initialization a2d_initdec user description section host interface decoder a2d_dec main program data request data request decoding result data request execute output buffer 1 execute input buffer interrupt handler 0x12 0x34 0x56 0x78 output buffer 2 serial output middleware section user?s manual u15152ej2v0um 31 chapter 3 installation 3.1 installation procedure the sap77016-b08 (aac decoder middleware) is supplied on a 3.5-inch floppy disk (1.44 mb). the procedure for installing the sap77016-b08 in the host machine is outlined below. (1) set the floppy disk in the floppy disk drive and copy the files to the directory where wb77016 and hsm77016 (dsp tools) are used (e.g. c:\dsptools). the following is an example of when files are copied from the a drive to the c drive. a:\>xcopy /s *.* c:\dsptools chapter 3 installation user?s manual u15152ej2v0um 32 3.3 symbol naming regulations the symbols used in this library are named according to the following regulations. table 3-1. symbol names classification regulation function name, variable name a2d_xxxx macro, constant name a2d_xxxx section name _ _a2d_xxxx (two leading underscores) chapter 3 installation user?s manual u15152ej1v0um 33 3.4 sample program processing flow figure shows the processing of a sample program that uses the aac decoder. figure 3-1. sample program processing flow start end initialize registers initialize peripherals initialization a2d_initdec parameter setup a2d_set_adif_header aac decoder a2d_dec return value r0 r0 = 0 ye s ye s no no r0 = 1 adif / raw_data r0 = 2 adts obtain file size process errors copy result of decoding to output buffer any errors? non-fatal? user?s manual u15152ej2v0um 34 chapter 4 system example 4.1 simulation environment using timing files an example in which an audio decoding decompression-processing simulator and timing files are used is shown below. encoded data is input, and audio data is output frame by frame after each frame has undergone decompression processing. [software environment] ? high-speed simulator: hsm77016 ver. 2.32 or later ? sample program: sample.lnk (created in 3.2 sample program creation procedure ) ? timing file: sample.tmg 4.2 operation <1> start up the hsm77016 (high-speed simulator) <2> open sample.lnk created in 3.2 sample program creation procedure . example specify sample.lnk with open command on the file menu. <3> open the timing files (sample.tmg, serclk.tmg, serot16.tmg). serclk.tmg and serot16.tmg are files provided by hsm77016 in example. example specify sample.tmg with open command on the file menu. <4> make the wait settings. example set waits to the dwtr/iwtr registers in the setting windows opened by selecting periphery register on the window menu. <5> execute with run. (a) timing file sample.tmg hsm77016 (high-speed simulator) provides a function for simulating external i/o using a timing file. (b) data file input (16-bit data) data is input from a file via the host interface. an example of the description format is shown below. chapter 4 system example user?s manual u15152ej2v0um 35 ? preparation local data ; compressed data storage variable local size ; aac file size (bytes) set debug_id = 1 ; select target open input "l144100.dat" ; file name of aac file converted to text data set size = 65446 ; aac file size (size of binary file in bytes) ? input processing (1/2) set pin hcs = 1 ; terminate any write access, which might set pin hwr = 1 ; be active set pin hrd = 1 ; ; send aac file size wait cond pin hwe == 0 ; wait till write is allowed wait cond pin hcs == 1 ; and no read is in progress set pin hcs = 0 ; perform the access... set port ha = 0 ; select higher byte of hdt set pin hwr = 0 ; start input set port hd = (size>>16)&0xff ; input low byte to host port wait 100ns ; access duration set pin hwr = 1 ; end output set pin hcs = 1 ; terminate first access... wait 5ns ; delay set port ha = 1 ; select higher byte of hdt wait 5ns ; delay set pin hcs = 0 ; performe second access... set pin hwr = 0 ; start output set port hd = (size>>24)&0xff ; input high byte to host port wait 100ns ; access duration set pin hwr = 1 ; end input set pin hcs = 1 ; end access wait 1 ; wait cond pin hwe == 0 ; wait till write is allowed wait cond pin hcs == 1 ; and no read is in progress set pin hcs = 0 ; perform the access... set port ha = 0 ; select higher byte of hdt set pin hwr = 0 ; start input set port hd = (size>>0)&0xff ; input low byte to host port wait 100ns ; access duration set pin hcs = 1 ; terminate first access... set pin hwr = 1 ; end output wait 5ns ; delay set port ha = 1 ; select higher byte of hdt wait 5ns ; delay set pin hcs = 0 ; performe second access... set pin hwr = 0 ; start output set port hd = (size>>8)&0xff ; input high byte to host port wait 100ns ; access duration chapter 4 system example 36 user?s manual u15152ej2v0um ? input processing (2/2) set pin hwr = 1 ; end input set pin hcs = 1 ; end access do exit size<=0 ; wait cond pin hwe == 0 ; wait till write is allowed wait cond pin hcs == 1 ; and no read is in progress set pin hcs = 0 ; perform the access... set port ha = 0 ; select higher byte of hdt set pin hwr = 0 ; start input input data ; input host data to temp variable set port hd = data&0xff ; input low byte to host port wait 100ns ; access duration set pin hcs = 1 ; terminate first access... set pin hwr = 1 ; end output wait 5ns ; delay set port ha = 1 ; select higher byte of hdt wait 5ns ; delay set pin hwr = 0 ; start output set pin hcs = 0 ; performe second access... set port hd = (data>>8)&0xff ; input high byte to host port wait 100ns ; access duration set pin hwr = 1 ; end input set pin hcs = 1 ; end access set size = size-2 ; enddo close input wait cond (reg ip & 0xffff)==(main.finish & 0xffff) wait 1 ? termination break ; terminate end user?s manual u15152ej2v0um 37 appendix sample program source ? ? ? ? sample.h #define __offset 4 #define raw_data_stream 0 #define sdt1 0x3800 #define sst1 0x3801 #define sdt2 0x3802 #define sst2 0x3803 #define hdt 0x3806 #define hst 0x3807 #define dwtr 0x3808 extrn user_dec_mod eextrn user_loaded_size extrn user_decoded_size extrn def_pce_setting extrn user_input_bs extrn user_output_buff1 extrn user_output_buff2 extrn user_skip_flag extrn user_file_size extrn user_stereo_flag extrn user_frame_odd_flag extrn user_int_output_ptr extrn user_int_sv extrn lib_scratch_x extrn lib_scratch_y appendix sample program so urce user?s manual u15152ej2v0um 38 ? ? ? ? sample.asm (1/3) #include "a2d_dec.h" #include "a2d_err.h" #include "sample.h" extrn user_wait public start_up extrn aac_read_1word extrn aac_dec_fillbits main imseg at 0x300 start_up: r0l = 0x0401; *hst:x = r0l; dn0 = 0 ; for simulation dmx = 1 ; for simulation r0l = 0x8200 ; lsb-first ; continuous i/o mode *sst1:x=r0l ; r0l = user_output_buff1 ; *user_int_output_ptr:x=r0l ; clr(r0) ; *user_frame_odd_flag:x = r0l ; r0l = sr ; enable interrupt r0 = r0 & 0x7fdf ; so1 r0 = r0 | 0x0fdf ; disable other interrupt sr = r0l ; clr(r0) ; *sdt1:x=r0l ; start output interrupt *sdt1:x=r0l ; call fitst_data_read ; read file size r1eh = *user_file_size :x ; r1l = *user_file_size+1:x ; clr(r1) ; *user_skip_flag:x = r1l ; #if raw_data_stream /* raw_data_debug */ r4l = aac_read_1word ; r5l = aac_dec_fillbits ; r6l = lib_scratch_x ; r7l = lib_scratch_y ; clr(r0) ; initialize only dp0 = user_input_bs ; call a2d_initdec ; *user_dec_mode:x=r0l ; if(r0==0) jmp dec_error_fatal ; initialize failed call a2d_getstatus ; *user_decoded_size:x = r4h ; *user_decoded_size+1:x = r4l ; appendix sample program so urce user?s manual u15152ej2v0um 39 ? ? ? ? sample.asm (2/3) dp0 = def_pce_setting ; call a2d_set_adif_header ; if(r0==0) jmp dec_error_fatal ; pce element information invalid #else r4l = aac_read_1word ; r5l = aac_dec_fillbits ; r6l = lib_scratch_x ; r7l = lib_scratch_y ; clr(r0) ; r0l = _a2d_ini_decode_header | _a2d_comprex_header_search ; initialize internal memory and read header dp0 = user_input_bs ; call a2d_initdec ; *user_dec_mode:x=r0l ; if(r0==0) jmp dec_error_fatal ; initialize failed call a2d_getstatus ; *user_decoded_size:x = r4h ; *user_decoded_size+1:x = r4l ; #endif test_loop: r1eh = *user_file_size:x ; r1l = *user_file_size+1:x ; r0eh = *user_decoded_size :x ; r0l = *user_decoded_size+1:x ; r1 = r1-r0 ; r1 = r1-1 ; all raw_data_block larger than 1 byte if(r1<=0) jmp finish ; call user_wait ; clr(r1) ; r1l = *user_skip_flag:x ; clr(r0) ; r0l = *user_dec_mode:x ; start_dec: call a2d_dec ; if(r0==0) jmp dec_error ; if decoder failed jmp infinit loop call a2d_getstatus ; r1eh = *user_decoded_size :x ; r1l = *user_decoded_size+1:x ; r1 = r1 + r4 ; *user_decoded_size :x = r1h ; *user_decoded_size+1:x = r1l ; if(r3!=0) jmp _start_next_decode ; _start_next_decode: jmp test_loop ; finish: nop ; jmp start_up ; appendix sample program so urce user?s manual u15152ej2v0um 40 ? ? ? ? sample.asm (3/3) dec_error: call a2d_geterrorstatus ; r1 = r0 & _aac_ebit_fatal_error ; if(r1!=0) jmp dec_error_fatal ; r1 = r0 & _aac_ebit_crc_error ; if(r1!=0) jmp dec_error_crc ; dec_error_fatal: ; jmp $ ; dec_error_crc: nop ; this code use only to debug. dec_error2: jmp $ ; dec_error3: jmp $ ; fitst_data_read: clr(r0) ; *user_loaded_size+0:x = r0l ; *user_loaded_size+1:x = r0l ; *user_decoded_size :x = r0l ; *user_decoded_size+1:x = r0l ; r0eh= *hdt:x ; read __offset information r0l = *hdt:x ; ; get file size *user_file_size :x=r0h ; *user_file_size+1:x=r0l ; ret ; end appendix sample program so urce user?s manual u15152ej2v0um 41 ? ? ? ? sam_call.asm (1/2) #include "a2d_dec.h" #include "a2d_err.h" #include "sample.h" public aac_dec_fillbits; public aac_read_1word; __user_callback imseg /*********************************** function aac_read_1word input r2 frame size[byte] r7 remain size dp1 aac_input_buff read ptr output r0l header data ***********************************/ aac_read_1word: r2 = r2 - 6 ; 6byte already read. r7 = r7 srl 3 ; 0x000d then msb, 0x0005 then not msb if(r7 != 0) r2 = r2 - 1 ; r7 = r2 & 0x0001 ; r0 = *user_loaded_size+0:x ; r0l = *user_loaded_size+1:x ; already loaded data size r1 = *user_decoded_size+0:x ; r1l = *user_decoded_size+1:x ; already decoded data size r0 -= r1 ; r0 -= r2 ; if(r0 < 0) jmp _not_read ; lack of data -> jmp _not_read r2 = r2 sra 1 ; convert byte to word r0l = dp1 ; r0 = r0 + r2 ; clr(r1) ; r1l = user_input_bs ; r1 = r1 + input_bufsize ; r1 = r1 - r0 ; if(r1 > 0) jmp _set_ptr ; r0 = r0 - input_bufsize ; _set_ptr: dp1 = r0l ; nop ; r0l = *dp1%% ; if(r7 == 0) ret ; r0 = r0 sll 8 ; r2l = *dp1 ; r2 = r2 srl 8 ; appendix sample program so urce user?s manual u15152ej2v0um 42 ? ? ? ? sam_call.asm (2/2) r0 = r0 | r2 ; ret ; _not_read: clr(r0) ; ret ; /*********************************** function aac_dec_fillbits input r1 req size [word] dp0 user_input_bs write ptr dn0 0x01 dmx input_bufsize-1 output dp0 user_input_bs write ptr ***********************************/ aac_dec_fillbits: #if input_bufsize<(12288/16+1) error too small input_bufsize #endif r2 = *user_file_size+0:x ; r2l = *user_file_size+1:x ; total data size r0 = *user_loaded_size+0:x ; r0l = *user_loaded_size+1:x ; already loaded data size r2 = r2 - r0 ; if(r2 <= 0) jmp _load_end ; if all data loaded return r2 = r2 + 1 ; r2 = r2 sra 1 ; conver byte to word r3 = r2 - r1 ; if(r3 < 0) r1 = r2 ; loop r1l { ; r0 = *hdt:x ; *dp0%% = r0h ; } r0 = *user_loaded_size+0:x ; r0l = *user_loaded_size+1:x ; already loaded data size r1 = r1 sll 1 ; r0 += r1 ; *user_loaded_size+0:x = r0h ; *user_loaded_size+1:x = r0l ; _load_end: clr(r0) ; ret ; end appendix sample program so urce user?s manual u15152ej2v0um 43 ? ? ? ? sam_data.asm (1/2) #include "a2d_dec.h" public user_dec_mode public user_loaded_size public user_decoded_size public user_file_size public user_skip_flag public user_stereo_flag public user_input_bs public user_output_buff1 public user_output_buff2 public user_frame_odd_flag public user_int_output_ptr public user_int_sv public def_pce_setting public lib_scratch_x public lib_scratch_y lib_scratch_x xramseg at 0x0000 lib_scratch_x: ds 2048 lib_scratch_y yramseg align at 0 lib_scratch_y: ds 4096 mainx xramseg user_dec_mode: ds 1 user_loaded_size: ds 2 user_decoded_size: ds 2 user_file_size: ds 2 user_skip_flag: ds 1 user_stereo_flag: ds 1 user_frame_odd_flag: ds 1 user_int_output_ptr: ds 1 user_int_sv: ds 6 mainrx xramseg def_pce_setting: dw 0x0441 ; appendix sample program so urce user?s manual u15152ej2v0um 44 ? ? ? ? sam_data.asm (2/2) ds 2 ; ;define cce ds 8 ; dw 0xffff ;end mark(only for product debugging) __aac_dec_bs_xramseg1 xramseg align ; user_input_bs: ds input_bufsize ; __aac_sample_output_buffx xramseg align user_output_buff1: ds output_bufsize ; ; even l ch ; ; odd r ch ; user_output_buff2: ds output_bufsize ; ; even l ch ; ; odd r ch ; end appendix sample program so urce user?s manual u15152ej2v0um 45 ? ? ? ? sam_int.asm (1/2) #include "a2d_dec.h" #include "a2d_err.h" #include "sample.h" extrn start_up extrn aac_dec_fillbits; extrn aac_read_1word main_vector imseg at 0x200 jmp start_up; org 0x224 jmp serial_out ; nop ; nop ; public user_wait #define _svr0l (user_int_sv+0) #define _svr0h (user_int_sv+1) #define _svr0e (user_int_sv+2) #define _svdp0 (user_int_sv+3) #define _svdn0 (user_int_sv+4) #define _svdmx (user_int_sv+5) serial_out: *_svr0l:x = r0l ; *_svr0h:x = r0h ; *_svr0e:x = r0e ; r0l = dp0 ; *_svdp0:x = r0l ; r0l = dn0 ; *_svdn0:x = r0l ; r0l = dmx ; *_svdmx:x = r0l ; r0l = *user_int_output_ptr:x ; dp0 = r0l ; dn0 = 0x01 ; dmx = 1024*4-1 ; r0l = *dp0%% ; get left pcm *sdt1:x = r0l ; r0l = dp0 ; *user_int_output_ptr:x=r0l ; r0l = *_svdmx:x ; dmx = r0l ; r0l = *_svdn0:x ; dn0 = r0l ; r0l = *_svdp0:x ; dp0 = r0l ; r0e = *_svr0e:x ; r0h = *_svr0h:x ; appendix sample program so urce user?s manual u15152ej2v0um 46 ? ? ? ? sam_int.asm (2/2) r0l = *_svr0l:x ; reti ; user_wait: clr(r0) ; clr(r1) ; r1l = *user_frame_odd_flag:x ; r1 = r1 ^ 0x01 ; *user_frame_odd_flag:x = r1l ; if(r1==0) jmp _wait_frame_odd ; _wait_frame_even: clr(r0) ; ; halt ; r0l = *user_int_output_ptr:x ; r0 = r0 - user_output_buff2 ; if (r0 < 0 ) jmp _wait_frame_even ; dp0 = user_output_buff1 ; jmp _wait_frame_end ; _wait_frame_odd: clr(r0) ; ; halt ; r0l = *user_int_output_ptr:x ; r0 = r0 - user_output_buff2 ; if (r0 > 0 ) jmp _wait_frame_odd ; dp0 = user_output_buff2 ; ; jmp _wait_frame_end ; _wait_frame_end: ret ; ; end although nec has taken all possible steps to ensure that the documentation supplied to our customers is complete, bug free and up-to-date, we readily accept that errors may occur. despite all the care and precautions we've taken, you may encounter problems in the documentation. please complete this form whenever you'd like to report errors or suggest improvements to us. hong kong, philippines, oceania nec electronics hong kong ltd. fax: +852-2886-9022/9044 korea nec electronics hong kong ltd. seoul branch fax: +82-2-528-4411 p.r. china nec electronics shanghai, ltd. nec electronics taiwan ltd. fax: +86-21-6841-1137 address north america nec electronics inc. corporate communications dept. fax: +1-800-729-9288 +1-408-588-6130 europe nec electronics (europe) gmbh market communication dept. fax: +49-211-6503-274 south america nec do brasil s.a. fax: +55-11-6462-6829 taiwan asian nations except philippines nec electronics singapore pte. ltd. fax: +886-2-2719-5951 fax: +65-250-3583 japan nec semiconductor technical hotline fax: +81- 44-435-9608 i would like to report the following error/make the following suggestion: document title: document number: page number: thank you for your kind support. if possible, please fax the referenced page or drawing. excellent good acceptable poor document rating clarity technical accuracy organization cs 02.3 name company from: tel. fax facsimile message |
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