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19-3582; Rev 2; 5/10 Overvoltage Protection Controllers with Reverse Polarity Protection General Description The MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L/MAX4867 overvoltage protection controllers protect low-voltage systems against high-voltage faults up to +28V, and negative voltages down to -28V. These devices drive a low-cost complementary MOSFET. If the input voltage exceeds the overvoltage threshold, these devices turn off the n-channel MOSFET to prevent damage to the protected components. If the input voltage drops below ground, the devices turn off the p-channel MOSFET to prevent damage to the protected components. An internal charge pump eliminates the need for external capacitors and drives the MOSFET GATEN for a simple, robust solution. The overvoltage thresholds are preset to +7.4V (MAX4864L), +6.35V (MAX4865L), +5.8V (MAX4866L), and +4.65V (MAX4867). When the input voltage drops below the undervoltage lockout (UVLO) threshold, the devices enter a low-current standby mode (8.5A). Also in shutdown (EN set to logic-high), the current is reduced further (0.4A). The MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L have a +2.85V UVLO threshold, and the MAX4867 has a +2.5V UVLO threshold. In addition, a 15kV ESD protection is provided to the input when bypassed with a 1F capacitor to ground. All devices are offered in a small 6-pin SOT23 and a 6-pin, 2mm x 2mm DFN package, and are specified for operation over the -40C to +85C temperature range. Features Overvoltage Protection Up to +28V Reverse Polarity Protection Down to -28V Preset Overvoltage (OV) Trip Level (7.4V, 6.35V, 5.8V, 4.65V) Drive Low-Cost Complementary MOSFET Internal 50ms Startup Delay Internal Charge Pump 8.5A Standby Current (In UVLO Mode) 0.4A Shutdown Current Overvoltage Fault FLAG Indicator 6-Pin (2mm x 2mm) DFN and 6-Pin SOT23 Packages MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L/MAX4867 Ordering Information PART MAX4864LEUT-T MAX4864LELT MAX4865LEUT-T MAX4865LELT MAX4866LEUT-T MAX4866LELT MAX4867EUT-T MAX4867ELT PINPACKAGE 6 SOT23-6 6 DFN 6 SOT23-6 6 DFN 6 SOT23-6 6 DFN 6 SOT23-6 6 DFN OV TRIP LEVEL (V) 7.40 7.40 6.35 6.35 5.80 5.80 4.65 4.65 TOP MARK ABVO AAE ABVP AAF ABVQ AAG ABVN AAD Applications Cell Phones Digital Still Cameras PDAs and Palmtop Devices MP3 Players Note: All devices are specified over the -40C to +85C operating temperature range. T = Tape and reel. Typical Operating Circuit ADAPTER (-28V TO +28V) 1F GATEP IN GATEN P N OUTPUT Functional Diagram appears at end of data sheet. EN GND MAX4864L MAX4865L MAX4866L MAX4867 FLAG VIO ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1 For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim's website at www.maxim-ic.com. Overvoltage Protection Controllers with Reverse Polarity Protection MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L/MAX4867 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS IN to GND ..............................................................-0.3V to +30V GATEN, GATEP to GND ........................................-0.3V to +12V IN to GATEP ...........................................................-0.3V to +20V FLAG, EN to GND ....................................................-0.3V to +6V Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) 6-Pin DFN (2mm x 2mm) (derate 2.1mW/C above +70C) ..............................................................168mW 6-Pin SOT23 (derate 8.7mW/C above +70C)............696mW Operating Temperature Range ..........................-40C to +85C Junction Temperature .................................................... +150C Storage Temperature Range ............................-65C to +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) ................................+300C Soldering Temperature (reflow) ......................................+240C Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VIN = +5V (MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L), VIN = +4V (MAX4867), TA = -40C to +85C, CGATEN = 500pF, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) (Note 1) PARAMETER Input Voltage Range SYMBOL VIN MAX4864L Overvoltage Trip Level OVLO VIN rising MAX4865L MAX4866L MAX4867 MAX4864L Overvoltage Lockout Hysteresis MAX4865L MAX4866L MAX4867 Undervoltage Lockout Threshold Undervoltage Lockout Hysteresis IN Supply Current IIN UVLO VIN falling MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L MAX4867 2.65 2.3 CONDITIONS MIN 1.2 7.0 5.95 5.45 4.35 7.4 6.35 5.8 4.65 75 65 55 50 2.85 2.5 44 25 MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L MAX4867 MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L, VIN = +2.6V MAX4867, VIN = +2.2V Shutdown Supply Current ISHD EN = 1.6V MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L, VIN = 3.6V MAX4867, VIN = 3.6V GATEN Voltage GATEN Pulldown Current GATEP Clamp Voltage GATEP Pulldown Resistor FLAG Output-Low Voltage FLAG Leakage Current EN Input-High Voltage EN Input-Low Voltage VIH VIL VGATEN IPD VCLAMP RGATEP VOL ISINK = 1mA VFLAG = +5.5V 1.5 0.4 1A load MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L MAX4867 9 7.5 12 13.5 32 77 68 8.5 8 0.4 0.4 9.83 7.85 32 16.5 48 120 110 22 18 2 2 10 8.0 65 19.5 64 0.4 1 V mA V k V A V V A 3.05 2.7 V mV A mV TYP MAX 28.0 7.8 6.75 6.15 4.95 V UNITS V MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L MAX4867 EN = GND UVLO Supply Current IUVLO EN = GND A VIN > OVLO, VGATEN = +5.5V 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Overvoltage Protection Controllers with Reverse Polarity Protection ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (VIN = +5V (MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L), VIN = +4V (MAX4867), TA = -40C to +85C, CGATEN = 500pF, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) (Note 1) PARAMETER EN Input Leakage Current TIMING Startup Delay FLAG Blanking Time GATEN Turn-On Time tSTART tBLANK tGON VIN > UVLO to VGATEN > 0.3V, Figure 1 VGATEN > 0.3V to VFLAG < 0.3V, Figure 1 CGATEN = 500pF, VGATEN = 0.3V to +8V (MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L) VGATEN = 0.3V to +7V (MAX4867), Figure 1 VIN rising at 3V/s from +5V to +8V (MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L), or from +4V to +7V (MAX4867) VGATEN = 0.3V, CGATEN = 500pF, Figure 2 VIN rising at 3V/s from 5V to 8V (MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L), or from +4V to +7V (MAX4867), VFLAG = 0.3V, Figure 2 VIN rising at 3V/s from 0V to +9V, time from VIN = 5V to IGATEN = 80% of IPD (GATEN pulldown current), Figure 3 20 20 50 50 10 80 80 ms ms ms SYMBOL ILKG CONDITIONS EN = GND or +5.5V MIN TYP MAX 1 UNITS A MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L/MAX4867 GATEN Turn-Off Time tGOFF 7 20 s FLAG Assertion Delay tFLAG 3.5 s Initial Overvoltage Fault Delay tOVP 1.5 s Disable Time tDIS VEN = +2.4V, VGATEN = 0.3V, Figure 4 2 s Note 1: All parts are 100% tested at +25C. Electrical limits across the full temperature range are guaranteed by design and correlation. +5V VIN VUVLO tGON +8V (+7V)* tSTART VGATEN +0.3V VGATEN +0.3V VIN +5V tGOFF VOVLO tFLAG VFLAG *MAX4867 tBLANK +0.3V VFLAG +0.3V Figure 1. Startup Timing Diagram Figure 2. Shutdown Timing Diagram VIN 0V VOVLO tOVP 80% VEN +2.4V tDIS IGATEN VGATEN +0.3V Figure 3. Power-Up Overvoltage Timing Diagram Figure 4. Disable Timing Diagram 3 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Overvoltage Protection Controllers with Reverse Polarity Protection MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L/MAX4867 Typical Operating Characteristics (TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE (MAX4864L) MAX4864 toc01 REVERSE CURRENT vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE (MAX4864L) MAX4864 toc02 REVERSE CURRENT vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE (MAX4864L) EN = 0V MAX4864 toc03 350 300 SUPPLY CURRENT (A) 250 200 150 100 50 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 0.4 EN = 3V 80 REVERSE CURRENT (A) REVERSE CURRENT (A) 0.3 60 DEVICE TURNS ON AT TRANSITION 0.2 40 0.1 20 0 30 0 1 2 3 4 5 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L GATEN VOLTAGE vs. INPUT VOLTAGE MAX4864 toc04 MAX4867 GATEN VOLTAGE vs. INPUT VOLTAGE MAX4864 toc05 POWER-UP RESPONSE MAX4864 toc06 15 MAX4864L 15 5V 0V 12 GATEN VOLTAGE (V) 12 GATEN VOLTAGE (V) MAX4867 9 ADAPTER 9 MAX4865L 5V IN 0V 6 6 3 MAX4866L 3 10V GATEN 0V 5V FLAG 0 0 2 4 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 6 8 0 0 2 4 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 6 8 20ms/div 0V POWER-UP RESPONSE MAX4864 toc07 OVERVOLTAGE RESPONSE MAX4864 toc08 ADAPTER 5V/div IN 5V/div OUT 5V/div IIN 1A/div FLAG 5V/div 20ms/div 2s/div 8V ADAPTER 5V 8V IN 5V GATEN 5V/div IGATEN 10mA/div FLAG 5V/div 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Overvoltage Protection Controllers with Reverse Polarity Protection MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L/MAX4867 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) POWER-UP OVERVOLTAGE RESPONSE MAX4864 toc09 NEGATIVE VOLTAGE RESPONSE MAX4864 toc10 8V ADAPTER 0V 8V IN 0V IN 0V GATEN 0V 5V FLAG 0V 20ms/div 20ms/div 5V FLAG 0V 5V ADAPTER 0V 0V GATEP _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 Overvoltage Protection Controllers with Reverse Polarity Protection MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L/MAX4867 Pin Configuration TOP VIEW + IN 1 6 EN GND + 1 6 GATEN GND 2 MAX4864L MAX4865L MAX4866L MAX4867 5 GATEP FLAG 2 MAX4864L MAX4865L MAX4866L MAX4867 5 GATEP FLAG 3 4 GATEN IN 3 4 EN SOT23 DFN Pin Description PIN MAX4864LEUT/ MAX4865LEUT/ MAX4866LEUT/ MAX4867EUT 1 2 3 MAX4864LELT/ MAX4865LELT/ MAX4866LELT/ MAX4867ELT 3 1 2 NAME FUNCTION IN GND FLAG Voltage Input. IN is both the power-supply input and the overvoltage sense input. Ground Fault-Indication Output. When EN goes high, FLAG becomes high-impedance. FLAG is asserted high during undervoltage lockout and overvoltage lockout conditions. FLAG is deasserted during normal operation. FLAG is an open-drain output. n-Channel MOSFET Gate-Drive Output. GATEN is the output of an on-chip charge pump. When VUVLO < VIN < VOVLO, GATEN is driven high to turn on the external n-channel MOSFET. p-Channel MOSFET Gate-Drive Output. GATEP is always on when input is above ground and off when input drops below ground. Active-Low Enable Input. Connect to ground in normal operation. Drive EN high to disable device and enter shutdown mode. 4 6 GATEN 5 6 5 4 GATEP EN 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Overvoltage Protection Controllers with Reverse Polarity Protection Detailed Description The MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L/MAX4867 provide up to +28V overvoltage and negative voltage protection for low voltage systems. When the input voltage exceeds the overvoltage trip level, the MAX4864L/MAX4865L/ MAX4866L/MAX4867 turn off a low-cost external n-channel MOSFET to prevent damage to the protected components. The devices also drive an external p-channel MOSFET to protect against negative voltage inputs. An internal charge-pump (see the Functional Diagram), drives the MOSFET GATEN for a simple, robust solution. On power-up, the device waits for 50ms before driving GATEN high. The open-drain FLAG output is kept at a high impedance for an additional 50ms after GATEN goes high before deasserting. The FLAG output asserts high immediately to an overvoltage fault. output voltage is a function of input voltage, as shown in the Typical Operating Characteristics. MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L/MAX4867 GATEP Driver When the input voltage drops below ground, GATEP goes high turning the external p-channel MOSFET off. When the input voltage goes above ground, GATEP pulls low and turns on the p-channel MOSFET. An internal clamp protects the p-channel MOSFET by insuring that the GATEP-to-IN voltage does not exceed +16V when the input (IN) rises to +28V. Device Operation The MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L/MAX4867 have an on-board state machine to control device operation. A flowchart is shown in Figure 5. On initial power-up, if VIN < UVLO or if VIN > OVLO, GATEN is held at 0V and FLAG is high. If UVLO < VIN < OVLO, the device enters startup after a 50ms internal delay. The internal charge pump is enabled, and GATEN begins to be driven above VIN by the internal charge pump. FLAG is held high during startup until the FLAG blanking period expires, typically 50ms after the GATEN starts going high. At this point, the device is in its on-state. At any time if VIN drops below UVLO, FLAG is driven high and GATEN is driven to ground. Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO) The MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L have a fixed +2.85V typical UVLO level, and the MAX4867 has +2.5V UVLO level. When VIN is less than the UVLO, the GATEN driver is held low and FLAG is asserted. Overvoltage Lockout (OVLO) The MAX4864L has a +7.4V typical OVLO threshold; the MAX4865L has +6.35V typical OVLO threshold; the MAX4866L has a +5.8V typical OVLO threshold; and the MAX4867 has a +4.65V typical OVLO threshold. When VIN is greater than OVLO, the GATEN driver is held low and FLAG is asserted. FLAG Output The open-drain FLAG output is used to signal to the host system when there is a fault with the input voltage. On power-up, FLAG is held high for 50ms after GATEN turns on, before deasserting. FLAG asserts immediately to overvoltage and undervoltage faults. When the fault condition is removed, FLAG deasserts 50ms after GATEN turns on. Connect a pullup resistor from FLAG to the logic I/O voltage of the host system. STANDBY GATEN = 0 FLAG = HIGH VIN > UVLO TIMER STARTS COUNTING t = 50ms VIN < UVLO OVLO CHECK GATEN = 0 FLAG = HIGH VIN > OVLO STARTUP GATEN DRIVEN HIGH FLAG = HIGH t = 50ms ON GATEN HIGH FLAG = LOW GATEN Driver An on-chip charge pump is used to drive GATEN above IN, allowing the use of a low-cost n-channel MOSFET. The charge pump operates from the internal +5.5V regulator. The actual GATEN output voltage tracks approximately two times VIN until VIN exceeds +5.5V, or the OVLO trip level is exceeded, whichever comes first. The MAX4864L has a +7.4V typical OVLO, therefore GATEN remains relatively constant at approximately +10.5V for +5.5V < VIN < +7.4V. The MAX4866L has a +5.8V typical OVLO, but this can be as low as +5.5V. The GATEN VIN > OVLO Figure 5. State Diagram 7 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Overvoltage Protection Controllers with Reverse Polarity Protection MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L/MAX4867 ADAPTER -28V TO +28V 1F IN GATEP GATEN P N N OUTPUT that if the input is actually pulled low, the output will also be pulled low due to the parasitic body diode in the MOSFET. If this is a concern, then the back-to-back configuration should be used. MOSFET Selection The MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L/MAX4867 are designed for use with a complementary MOSFET or single p-channel and dual back-to-back n-channel MOSFETs. In most situations, MOSFETs with RON specified for a VGS of 4.5V work well. Also the VDS should be +30V for the MOSFET to withstand the full +28V IN range of the MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L/ MAX4867. Table 1 shows a selection of MOSFETs which are appropriate for use with the MAX4864L/ MAX4865L/MAX4866L/MAX4867. MAX4864L MAX4865L MAX4866L MAX4867 GND FLAG VIO Figure 6. Back-to-Back External MOSFET Configuration IN Bypass Considerations Applications Information MOSFET Configuration The MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L/MAX4867 can be used with either a complementary MOSFET configuration as shown in the Typical Operating Circuit, or can be configured with a single p-channel MOSFET and back-toback n-channel MOSFETs as shown in Figure 6. The MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L/MAX4867 can drive either a complementary MOSFET or a single p-channel MOSFET and back-to-back n-channel MOSFETs. The back-to-back configuration has almost zero reverse current when the adapter is not present or when the adapter voltage is below the UVLO threshold. If reverse current leakage is not a concern, a single MOSFET can be used. This approach has half the loss of the back-to-back configuration when used with similar MOSFET types and is a lower cost solution. Note For most applications, bypass ADAPTER to GND with a 1F ceramic capacitor. If the power source has significant inductance due to long lead length, take care to prevent overshoots due to the LC tank circuit and provide protection if necessary to prevent exceeding the +30V absolute maximum rating on IN. ESD Test Conditions ESD performance depends on a number of conditions. The MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L/MAX4867 are specified for 15kV typical ESD resistance on IN when ADAPTER is bypassed to ground with a 1F ceramic capacitor. Human Body Model Figure 7 shows the Human Body Model, and Figure 8 shows the current waveform it generates when discharged into a low impedance. This model consists of a 100pF capacitor charged to the ESD voltage of interest, which is then discharged into the device through a 1.5k resistor. Table 1. MOSFET Suggestions PART Si5504DC Si5902DC Si1426DH Si5435DC FDC6561AN FDG315N FDC658P FDC654P CONFIGURATION/ PACKAGE Complementary MOSFET/1206-8 Dual/1206-8 Single/DFN-6 Single/1206-8 Dual/SSOT-6 Single/DFN-6 Single/SSOT-6 Single/SSOT-6 VGS MAX (V) 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 VDS MAX (V) +30 -30 +30 +30 -30 +30 +30 -30 -30 RON AT 4.5V (m) 143 (n-MOSFET) 290 (p-MOSFET) 143 (n-MOSFET) 115 (n-MOSFET) 80 (p-MOSFET) 145 (n-MOSFET) 160 (n-MOSFET) 75 (p-MOSFET) 125 (p-MOSFET) Fairchild Semiconductor Vishay Siliconix MANUFACTURER 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Overvoltage Protection Controllers with Reverse Polarity Protection MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L/MAX4867 RC 1M CHARGE-CURRENT LIMIT RESISTOR HIGHVOLTAGE DC SOURCE RD 1.5k DISCHARGE RESISTANCE DEVICE UNDER TEST IP 100% 90% AMPERES STORAGE CAPACITOR 36.8% 10% 0 0 tRI TIME tDL CURRENT WAVEFORM Ir PEAK-TO-PEAK RINGING (NOT DRAWN TO SCALE) Cs 100pF Figure 7. Human Body ESD Test Model Figure 8. Human Body Current Waveform RC 50M TO 100M CHARGE-CURRENT LIMIT RESISTOR HIGHVOLTAGE DC SOURCE RD 330 DISCHARGE RESISTANCE DEVICE UNDER TEST I 100% 90% IPEAK Cs 150pF STORAGE CAPACITOR 10% tR = 0.7ns TO 1ns 30ns 60ns t Figure 9. IEC 1000-4-2 ESD Test Model Figure 10. IEC 1000-4-2 ESD Generator Current Waveform IEC 1000-4-2 Since January 1996, all equipment manufactured and/or sold in the European Union has been required to meet the stringent IEC 1000-4-2 specification. The IEC 1000-4-2 standard covers ESD testing and performance of finished equipment. It does not specifically refer to ICs. The MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L/ MAX4867 help users design equipment that meets Level 3 of IEC 1000-4-2, without additional ESD-protection components. The main difference between tests done using the Human Body Model and IEC 1000-4-2 is higher peak current in IEC 1000-4-2. Because series resistance is lower in the IEC 1000-4-2 ESD test model (Figure 9), the ESD-withstand voltage measured to this standard is gen- erally lower than that measured using the Human Body Model. Figure 10 shows the current waveform for the 8kV IEC 1000-4-2 Level 4 ESD Contact Discharge test. The Air-Gap test involves approaching the device with a charger probe. The Contact Discharge method connects the probe to the device before the probe is energized. Chip Information PROCESS: BiCMOS _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 Overvoltage Protection Controllers with Reverse Polarity Protection MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L/MAX4867 Functional Diagram ADAPTER P N OUTPUT GATEP GND +15V CLAMP IN GATEN MAX4864L MAX4865L MAX4866L MAX4867 2x CHARGE PUMP GATE DRIVER VIO +5.5V REGULATOR UVLO AND OVLO DETECTOR EN CONTROL LOGIC AND TIMER FLAG Package Information For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a "+", "#", or "-" in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. PACKAGE TYPE 6 DFN 6 SOT23 PACKAGE CODE L622-1 U6-1 DOCUMENT NO. 21-0164 21-0058 10 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Overvoltage Protection Controllers with Reverse Polarity Protection Revision History REVISION NUMBER 2 REVISION DATE 5/10 DESCRIPTION Deleted package codes from the Ordering Information table; updated the Pin Configuration, Figure 7, and Figure 8; deleted the transistor count from the Chip Information section PAGES CHANGED 1, 6, 8, 9 MAX4864L/MAX4865L/MAX4866L/MAX4867 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 ____________________ 11 (c) 2010 Maxim Integrated Products Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. |
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