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L78M00AB/AC SERIES
PRECISION 500mA REGULATORS
s s
s s s s s
OUTPUT CURRENT TO 0.5A OUTPUT VOLTAGES OF 5; 6; 8; 9; 10; 12; 15; 18; 20; 24V THERMAL OVERLOAD PROTECTION SHORT CIRCUIT PROTECTION OUTPUT TRANSITION SOA PROTECTION 2% OUTPUT VOLTAGE TOLERANCE GUARANTEED IN EXTENDED TEMPERATURE RANGE
TO-220
DESCRIPTION The L78M00AB series of three-terminal positive regulators is available in TO-220 and DPAK packages and with several fixed output voltages, making it useful in a wide range of applications. These regulators can provide local on-card regulation eliminating the distribution problems associated with single point regulation. Each type employs internal current limiting, thermal shut-down and safe area protection, making it essentially indestructible. If adequate heat sinking is provided, they can deliver over 0.5A output current. Although designed primarily as fixed
DPAK
voltage regulators, these devices can be used with external components to obtain adjustable voltage and currents.
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
February 2003
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ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Symbol VI IO Ptot Tstg Top DC Input Voltage Output Current Power Dissipation Storage Temperature Range Operating Junction Temperature for L78M00AC Range for L78M00AB Parameter for VO = 5 to 18V for VO = 20, 24V Value 35 40 Internally Limited Internally Limited -65 to +150 0 to 125 -40 to 125 C C Unit V
Absolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur. Functional operation under these condition is not implied.
THERMAL DATA
Symbol Rthj-case Rthj-amb Parameter Thermal Resistance Junction-case Thermal Resistance Junction-ambient MAX MAX TO-220 3 50 DPAK 8 100 Unit C/W C/W
SHEMATIC DIAGRAM
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CONNECTION DIAGRAM (top view)
TO-220
DPAK
ORDERING CODES
TYPE L78M05AB L78M05AC L78M06AB L78M06AC L78M08AB L78M08AC L78M09AB L78M09AC L78M10AB L78M10AC L78M12AB L78M12AC L78M15AB L78M15AC L78M18AB L78M18AC L78M20AB L78M20AC L78M24AB L78M24AC TO-220 L78M05ABV L78M06ABV L78M08ABV L78M09ABV L78M10ABV L78M12ABV L78M15ABV L78M18ABV L78M20ABV L78M24ABV DPAK (*) L78M05ABDT L78M05ACDT L78M06ABDT L78M06ACDT L78M08ABDT L78M08ACDT L78M09ABDT L78M09ACDT L78M10ABDT L78M10ACDT L78M12ABDT L78M12ACDT L78M15ABDT L78M15ACDT L78M18ABDT L78M18ACDT L78M20ABDT L78M20ACDT L78M24ABDT L78M24ACDT OUTPUT VOLTAGE 5V 5V 6V 6V 8V 8V 9V 9V 10 V 10 V 12 V 12 V 15 V 15 V 18 V 18 V 20 V 20 V 24 V 24 V
(*) Available in Tape & Reel with the suffix "-TR".
APPLICATION CIRCUITS
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TEST CIRCUITS Figure 1 : DC Parameter
Figure 2 : Load Regulation
Figure 3 : Ripple Rejection
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF L78M05XX (refer to the test circuits, VI = 10V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, C O = 0.1 F, TJ = -40 to 125C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125C (AC) unless otherwise specified)
Symbol VO VO VO VO Id Id Parameter Output Voltage Output Voltage Line Regulation Load Regulation Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Change TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 350 mA VI = 7 to 20 V TJ = 25C TJ = 25C VI = 7 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA VI = 8 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA IO = 5 to 500 mA IO = 5 to 200 mA TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA VO/T Output Voltage Drift SVR eN Vd Isc Iscp Supply Voltage Rejection Output Noise Voltage Dropout Voltage Short Circuit Current Short Circuit Peak Current IO = 5 mA VI = 8 to 18 V IO = 300mA B =10Hz to 100KHz TJ = 25C TJ = 25C TJ = 25C VI = 35 V f = 120Hz TJ = 25C TJ = 25C 62 40 2 300 700 VI = 8 to 25 V -0.5 TJ = 25C TJ = 25C Test Conditions Min. 4.9 4.8 Typ. 5 5 Max. 5.1 5.2 100 50 100 50 6 0.5 0.8 mV/C dB V V mA mA mA mA mV Unit V V mV
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF L78M06XX (refer to the test circuits, VI = 11V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, C O = 0.1 F, TJ = -40 to 125C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125C (AC) unless otherwise specified)
Symbol VO VO VO VO Id Id Parameter Output Voltage Output Voltage Line Regulation Load Regulation Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Change TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 350 mA VI = 8 to 21 V TJ = 25C TJ = 25C VI = 8 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA VI = 9 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA IO = 5 to 500 mA IO = 5 to 200 mA TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA VO/T Output Voltage Drift SVR eN Vd Isc Iscp Supply Voltage Rejection Output Noise Voltage Dropout Voltage Short Circuit Current Short Circuit Peak Current IO = 5 mA VI = 9 to 19 V IO = 300mA B =10Hz to 100KHz TJ = 25C TJ = 25C TJ = 25C VI = 35 V f = 120Hz TJ = 25C 59 45 2 270 700 VI = 9 to 25 V -0.5 TJ = 25C TJ = 25C Test Conditions Min. 5.88 5.75 Typ. 6 6 Max. 6.12 6.3 100 30 120 60 6 0.5 0.8 mV/C dB V V mA mA mA mA mV Unit V V mV
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF L78M08XX (refer to the test circuits, VI = 14V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, C O = 0.1 F, TJ = -40 to 125C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125C (AC) unless otherwise specified)
Symbol VO VO VO VO Id Id Parameter Output Voltage Output Voltage Line Regulation Load Regulation Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Change TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 350 mA VI = 10.5 to 23 V VI = 10.5 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25C TJ = 25C VI = 11 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA IO = 5 to 500 mA TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 200 mA TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA VO/T Output Voltage Drift SVR eN Vd Isc Iscp Supply Voltage Rejection Output Noise Voltage Dropout Voltage Short Circuit Current Short Circuit Peak Current IO = 5 mA VI = 11.5 to 21.5 V f = 120Hz TJ = 25C IO = 300mA B =10Hz to 100KHz TJ = 25C TJ = 25C TJ = 25C VI = 35 V TJ = 25C 56 52 2 250 700 VI = 10.5 to 25 V -0.5 TJ = 25C Test Conditions Min. 7.84 7.7 Typ. 8 8 Max. 8.16 8.3 100 30 160 80 6 0.5 0.8 mV/C dB V V mA mA mA mA mV Unit V V mV
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF L78M09XX (refer to the test circuits, VI = 14V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, C O = 0.1 F, TJ = -40 to 125C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125C (AC) unless otherwise specified)
Symbol VO VO VO VO Id Id Parameter Output Voltage Output Voltage Line Regulation Load Regulation Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Change TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 350 mA VI = 11.5 to 24 V TJ = 25C VI = 11.5 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25C VI = 12 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA IO = 5 to 500 mA IO = 5 to 200 mA TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA VO/T Output Voltage Drift SVR eN Vd Isc Iscp Supply Voltage Rejection Output Noise Voltage Dropout Voltage Short Circuit Current Short Circuit Peak Current IO = 5 mA VI = 12.5 to 23 V IO = 300mA B =10Hz to 100KHz TJ = 25C TJ = 25C TJ = 25C VI = 35 V f = 120Hz TJ = 25C TJ = 25C 56 52 2 250 700 VI = 11.5 to 25 V -0.5 TJ = 25C TJ = 25C Test Conditions Min. 8.82 8.64 Typ. 9 9 Max. 9.18 9.36 100 30 180 90 6 0.5 0.8 mV/C dB V V mA mA mA mA mV Unit V V mV
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF L78M10XX (refer to the test circuits, VI = 16V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, C O = 0.1 F, TJ = -40 to 125C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125C (AC) unless otherwise specified)
Symbol VO VO VO VO Id Id Parameter Output Voltage Output Voltage Line Regulation Load Regulation Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Change TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 350 mA VI = 12.5 to 25 V TJ = 25C VI = 12.5 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25C VI = 13 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA IO = 5 to 500 mA IO = 5 to 200 mA TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA VO/T Output Voltage Drift SVR eN Vd Isc Iscp Supply Voltage Rejection Output Noise Voltage Dropout Voltage Short Circuit Current Short Circuit Peak Current IO = 5mA VI = 13.5 to 24 V IO = 300mA B =10Hz to 100KHz TJ = 25C TJ = 25C TJ = 25C VI = 35 V f = 120Hz TJ = 25C TJ = 25C 56 64 2 245 700 VI = 12.5 to 30 V -0.5 TJ = 25C TJ = 25C Test Conditions Min. 9.8 9.6 Typ. 10 10 Max. 10.2 10.4 100 30 200 100 6 0.5 0.8 mV/C dB V V mA mA mA mA mV Unit V V mV
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF L78M12XX (refer to the test circuits, VI = 19V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, C O = 0.1 F, TJ = -40 to 125C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125C (AC) unless otherwise specified)
Symbol VO VO VO VO Id Id Parameter Output Voltage Output Voltage Line Regulation Load Regulation Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Change TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 350 mA VI = 14.5 to 27 V TJ = 25C VI = 14.5 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25C VI = 16 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA IO = 5 to 500 mA IO = 5 to 200 mA TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA VO/T Output Voltage Drift SVR eN Vd Isc Iscp Supply Voltage Rejection Output Noise Voltage Dropout Voltage Short Circuit Current Short Circuit Peak Current IO = 5 mA VI = 15 to 25 V IO = 300mA B =10Hz to 100KHz TJ = 25C TJ = 25C TJ = 25C VI = 35 V f = 120Hz TJ = 25C TJ = 25C 55 75 2 240 700 VI = 14.5 to 30 V -1 TJ = 25C TJ = 25C Test Conditions Min. 11.75 11.5 Typ. 12 12 Max. 12.25 12.5 100 30 240 120 6 0.5 0.8 mV/C dB V V mA mA mA mA mV Unit V V mV
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF L78M15XX (refer to the test circuits, VI = 23V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, C O = 0.1 F, TJ = -40 to 125C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125C (AC) unless otherwise specified)
Symbol VO VO VO VO Id Id Parameter Output Voltage Output Voltage Line Regulation Load Regulation Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Change TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 350 mA VI = 17.5 to 30 V TJ = 25C VI = 17.5 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25C VI = 20 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA IO = 5 to 500 mA IO = 5 to 200 mA TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA VO/T Output Voltage Drift SVR eN Vd Isc Iscp Supply Voltage Rejection Output Noise Voltage Dropout Voltage Short Circuit Current Short Circuit Peak Current IO = 5 mA VI = 22 to 32 V IO = 300mA B =10Hz to 100KHz TJ = 25C TJ = 25C TJ = 25C VI = 35 V f = 120Hz TJ = 25C TJ = 25C 54 90 2 240 700 VI = 17.5 to 30 V -1 TJ = 25C TJ = 25C Test Conditions Min. 14.7 14.4 Typ. 15 15 Max. 15.3 15.6 100 30 300 150 6 0.5 0.8 mV/C dB V V mA mA mA mA mV Unit V V mV
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF L78M18XX (refer to the test circuits, VI = 26V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, C O = 0.1 F, TJ = -40 to 125C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125C (AC) unless otherwise specified)
Symbol VO VO VO VO Id Id Parameter Output Voltage Output Voltage Line Regulation Load Regulation Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Change TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 350 mA VI = 20.5 to 33 V VI = 21 to 33 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25C VI = 24 to 33 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 500 mA TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 200 mA TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA VO/T Output Voltage Drift SVR eN Vd Isc Iscp Supply Voltage Rejection Output Noise Voltage Dropout Voltage Short Circuit Current Short Circuit Peak Current IO = 5 mA VI = 22 to 32 V IO = 300mA B =10Hz to 100KHz TJ = 25C TJ = 25C TJ = 25C VI = 35 V f = 120Hz TJ = 25C TJ = 25C 53 100 2 240 700 VI = 21 to 33 V -1.1 TJ = 25C Test Conditions Min. 17.64 17.3 Typ. 18 18 Max. 18.36 18.7 100 30 360 180 6 0.5 0.8 mV/C dB V V mA mA mA mA mV Unit V V mV
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF L78M20XX (refer to the test circuits, VI = 29V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, C O = 0.1 F, TJ = -40 to 125C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125C (AC) unless otherwise specified)
Symbol VO VO VO VO Id Id Parameter Output Voltage Output Voltage Line Regulation Load Regulation Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Change TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 350 mA VI = 23 to 35 V VI = 23 to 35 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25C VI = 24 to 35 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 500 mA TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 200 mA TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA VO/T Output Voltage Drift SVR eN Vd Isc Iscp Supply Voltage Rejection Output Noise Voltage Dropout Voltage Short Circuit Current Short Circuit Peak Current IO = 5 mA VI = 24 to 34 V IO = 300mA B =10Hz to 100KHz TJ = 25C TJ = 25C TJ = 25C VI = 35 V f = 120Hz TJ = 25C TJ = 25C 53 110 2 240 700 VI = 23 to 35 V -1.1 TJ = 25C Test Conditions Min. 19.6 19.2 Typ. 20 20 Max. 20.4 20.8 100 30 400 200 6 0.5 0.8 mV/C dB V V mA mA mA mA mV Unit V V mV
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF L78M24XX (refer to the test circuits, VI = 33V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, C O = 0.1 F, TJ = -40 to 125C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125C (AC) unless otherwise specified)
Symbol VO VO VO VO Id Id Parameter Output Voltage Output Voltage Line Regulation Load Regulation Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Change TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 350 mA VI = 27 to 38 V VI = 27 to 38 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25C VI = 28 to 38 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 500 mA TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 200 mA TJ = 25C IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA VO/T Output Voltage Drift SVR eN Vd Isc Iscp Supply Voltage Rejection Output Noise Voltage Dropout Voltage Short Circuit Current Short Circuit Peak Current IO = 5 mA VI = 28 to 38 V IO = 300mA B =10Hz to 100KHz TJ = 25C TJ = 25C TJ = 25C VI = 35 V f = 120Hz TJ = 25C TJ = 25C 50 170 2 240 700 VI = 27 to 38 V -1.2 TJ = 25C Test Conditions Min. 23.5 23 Typ. 24 24 Max. 24.5 25 100 30 480 240 6 0.5 0.8 mV/C dB V V mA mA mA mA mV Unit V V mV
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Figure 4 : Dropout Voltage vs Junction Temperature Figure 7 : Output Voltage vs Junction Temperature
Figure 5 : Dropout Characteristics
Figure 8 : Supply Voltage Rejection vs Frequency
Figure 6 : Peak Output Current vs Input-Output Differential Voltage
Figure 9 : Quiescent Current vs Junction Temperature
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Figure 10 : Load Transient Response Figure 12 : Quiescent Current vs Input Voltage
Figure 11 : Line Transient Response
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APPLICATIONS INFORMATION DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS The L78M00AB Series of fixed voltage regulators are designed with Thermal Overload Protection that shuts down the circuit when subjected to an excessive power overload condition, Internal Short-Circuit Protection that limits the maximum current the circuit will pass, and Output Transistor Safe-Area Compensation that reduces the output short-circuit as the voltage across the pass transistor is increased. In many low current applications, compensation capacitors are not required. However, it is recommended that the regulator input be bypassed with a capacitor if the regulator is connected to the power supply filter with long wire lengths, or if the output load capacitance is large. An input bypass capacitor should be selected to provide good high-frequency characteristics to insure stable operation under all load conditions. A 0.33F or larger tantalum, mylar, or other capacitor having low internal impedance at high frequencies should be chosen. The bypass capacitor should be mounted with the shortest possible leads directly across the regulators input terminals. Normally good construction techniques should be used to minimize ground loops and lead resistance drops since the regulator has no external sense lead. Figure 13 : Current Regulator
Vxx IO = + Id R1
Figure 14 : Adjustable Output Regulator
VO, 7.0V to 20V VI - VO 2.0V
The addition of an operational amplifier allows adjustment to higher or intermediate values while retaining regulation characteristics. The minimum voltage obtainable with this arrangement is 2.0V greater than the regulator voltage.
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Figure 15 : Current Boost Regulator
VBEQ1 R1 = IQ1 IREQ - Q1 VBEQ1 IO = IREG + Q1 (IREG ) R1
Figure 16 : Short-Circuit Protection
The circuit of figure 6 can be modified to provide supply protection against short circuits by adding a short-circuit sense resistor, RSC, and an additional PNP transistor. The current sensing PNP must be able to handle the short-circuit current of the three-terminal regulator. Therefore, a four-ampere plastic power transistor is specified.
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TO-220 MECHANICAL DATA
DIM. A C D D1 E F F1 F2 G G1 H2 L2 L4 L5 L6 L7 L9 DIA. 13.0 2.65 15.25 6.2 3.5 3.75 0.49 0.61 1.14 1.14 4.95 2.4 10.0 16.4 14.0 2.95 15.75 6.6 3.93 3.85 0.511 0.104 0.600 0.244 0.137 0.147 mm. MIN. 4.40 1.23 2.40 1.27 0.70 0.88 1.70 1.70 5.15 2.7 10.40 0.019 0.024 0.044 0.044 0.194 0.094 0.393 0.645 0.551 0.116 0.620 0.260 0.154 0.151 TYP MAX. 4.60 1.32 2.72 MIN. 0.173 0.048 0.094 0.050 0.027 0.034 0.067 0.067 0.203 0.106 0.409 inch TYP. MAX. 0.181 0.051 0.107
P011C
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DPAK MECHANICAL DATA
mm. DIM. MIN. A A1 A2 B B2 C C2 D E G H L2 L4 0.6 2.2 0.9 0.03 0.64 5.2 0.45 0.48 6 6.4 4.4 9.35 0.8 1 0.023 TYP MAX. 2.4 1.1 0.23 0.9 5.4 0.6 0.6 6.2 6.6 4.6 10.1 MIN. 0.086 0.035 0.001 0.025 0.204 0.017 0.019 0.236 0.252 0.173 0.368 0.031 0.039 TYP. MAX. 0.094 0.043 0.009 0.035 0.212 0.023 0.023 0.244 0.260 0.181 0.397 inch
0068772-B
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Tape & Reel DPAK-PPAK MECHANICAL DATA
mm. DIM. MIN. A C D N T Ao Bo Ko Po P 6.80 10.40 2.55 3.9 7.9 6.90 10.50 2.65 4.0 8.0 12.8 20.2 60 14.4 7.00 10.60 2.75 4.1 8.1 0.268 0.409 0.100 0.153 0.311 0.272 0.413 0.104 0.157 0.315 13.0 TYP MAX. 180 13.2 0.504 0.795 2.362 0.567 0.2.76 0.417 0.105 0.161 0.319 0.512 MIN. TYP. MAX. 7.086 0.519 inch
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Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics. (c) The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics (c) 2003 STMicroelectronics - Printed in Italy - All Rights Reserved STMicroelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES Australia - Brazil - Canada - China - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan - Malaysia - Malta - Morocco Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States. (c) http://www.st.com
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